Shikshapatri (Swaminarayan)
शिक्षापत्री
A Sanskrit text of 212 verses composed by Swaminarayan in 1826 (Samvat 1882). It is the primary code of conduct and philosophical guide for his followers — covering ethics, devotion, daily practice, and the nature of God and soul.
Shlokas (212)
+ Add ShlokaMangalacharan — Opening Invocation
Shikshapatri · Chapter 1 · Verse 1
श्रीकृष्णो विजयतेतरां यः स्वधाम्नः सनातनात्। आगत्य भुवि सच्चिद्रूपः स्वामिनारायणोऽव्ययः।।
shri krishno vijayate taram yah svadhamna sanatanaat | agatya bhuvi saccid-rupah svaminarayano avyayah ||
May Sri Krishna be ever victorious — He who, from His eternal abode, descended upon this earth as Swaminarayan, of the form of Existence-Consciousness, the imperishable.
Purpose of the Shikshapatri
Shikshapatri · Chapter 1 · Verse 2
शिक्षापत्रीमिमां कृत्वा सर्वशिष्यहिताय वै। प्रेषयामि सुधर्माय पालयध्वं सदैव च।।
shikshapatrim imam kritva sarva-shishya-hitaya vai | preshayami sudharmaya palavadhvam sadaiva ca ||
Having composed this Shikshapatri for the welfare of all disciples, I send it forth for righteous living; follow it always.
Ahimsa — Non-Violence in All Forms
Shikshapatri · Chapter 1 · Verse 11
न हिंस्यात् सर्वभूतानि मनसा वाचा कर्मणा। अहिंसा परमो धर्मः पालनीयो यतात्मभिः।।
na himsyat sarva-bhutani manasa vacha karmana | ahimsa paramo dharmah palaneeyo yatatmabhih ||
Do not harm any living being in thought, word, or deed. Non-violence is the highest dharma and must be upheld by those who have mastered the self.
Daily Worship of Purushottam
Shikshapatri · Chapter 2 · Verse 56
प्रातःकाले समुत्थाय स्नात्वाचम्य विशुद्धधीः। ध्यात्वा श्रीपुरुषोत्तमं भक्त्या कुर्यात् पूजनम्।।
pratah-kale samutthaya snatvaachamya vishuddha-dhih | dhyatva shri-purushottamam bhaktya kuryat pujanam ||
Rising at dawn, after bathing and sipping water with a pure mind, meditate on Purushottam and perform worship with devotion.
Satsang — Company of the Devout
Shikshapatri · Chapter 2 · Verse 72
सत्सङ्गं सर्वदा कुर्यात् दुःसङ्गं वर्जयेत् सदा। सत्सङ्गेन हरिं प्राप्य मुक्तो भवति मानवः।।
satsangam sarvada kuryat duhsangam varjayet sada | satsangena harim prapya mukto bhavati manavah ||
Always seek the company of the devout (satsang) and always avoid bad company. Through satsang one attains Hari and becomes liberated.
Surrender — Offering All to Purushottam
Shikshapatri · Chapter 3 · Verse 104
देहेन्द्रियमनःप्राणान् आत्मानं च धनादिकम्। अर्पयेत् पुरुषोत्तमाय भक्त्या निर्व्याजया स्वयम्।।
dehendriya-manah-pranan atmanam ca dhanadikam | arpayed purushottamaya bhaktya nirvyajaya svayam ||
With sincere, guileless devotion, surrender your body, senses, mind, vital breath, self, and all possessions to Purushottam.
God's Form is Eternal and Real
Shikshapatri · Chapter 3 · Verse 108
भगवतो मूर्तिर्नित्या सत्यसङ्कल्परूपिणी। सच्चिदानन्दरूपा च दिव्या सर्वोत्तमा परा।।
bhagavato murtir nitya satya-sankalpa-rupini | sac-cid-ananda-rupa ca divya sarvottama para ||
The Lord's form is eternal, endowed with true resolve, of the nature of Existence-Consciousness-Bliss — divine, supreme, and transcendent.
Akshar as Sadguru — the Living Brahman
Shikshapatri · Chapter 4 · Verse 115
अक्षरब्रह्मस्वरूपो यः सद्गुरुः सर्वकालतः। तस्य सेवां विधायैव पुरुषोत्तमं भजेत् नरः।।
akshar-brahma-svarooopo yah sadguruh sarvakalatas | tasya sevam vidhaayaiva purushottamam bhajet narah ||
The Sadguru who manifests in every age as the embodiment of Akshar-Brahman — by serving him, a person attains the worship of Purushottam.
Brahmaswarup State — Prerequisite for Upasana
Shikshapatri · Chapter 4 · Verse 116
ब्रह्मस्वरूपतां प्राप्य तदात्मना च सर्वदा। उपासनां पुरुषोत्तमस्य कुर्यान्मुमुक्षुः सदा।।
brahma-svarupatam prapya tadatmana ca sarvada | upasanam purushottamasya kuryan mumukshuh sada ||
Having attained the Brahmaswarup state — identifying with Akshar — always worship Purushottam with that understanding. This is the path for the seeker of liberation.
Introduction - Verse 10
Shikshapatri · Chapter introduction · Verse 10
उरीने या शिक्षापत्रीने
Therefore, you all, My followers, shall always follow the precepts of this Shikshapatri with care and caution, and with love and sinceritys.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 11
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 11
अज ०2५०२५२४०2१२५००५०१२५२४०१४५७४७०४
My followers shall never kill any living being under any circumstances. Knowingly, not even small insects like lice, bugs, etc.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 12
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 12
देवतापितुयागार्थमप्यजादे श्र हिंसनम्। न कर्तव्यम्हिसैव धर्म प्रोक्तोउस्ति यन्महान्॥ १२॥
(My followers) shall never kill goats and/or other living beings in sacrifice performed for the propitiation of deities and Pitris (ancestors), for non–violence is declared (by the Shastras) as the highest Dharma of all the Dharmas.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 13
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 13
स्त्रिया धनस्य वा प्राप्त साम्राज्यस्य च वा क्लचिदू। जि मनुष्यस्य तु कस्यापि हिंसा कार्या न
None shall ever kill a human being for obtaining women, wealth or even sovereignty.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 14
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 14
आत्मघातस्तु न कर्तव्यश्र न। अयोग्याचणात् क्लापि न विषोद्वन्धनादिना॥ १४॥
None shall commit suicide even at a place of pilgrimage out of superstition or out of anger frustration caused by some unworthy behaviour, or by consuming poison or by strangulation or by drowning.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 15
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 15
न सर्वथा यज्ञशिष्टपपि। न पेय॑ च सुरामद्यमपि देवनिवेदितम्॥ ॥
None shall ever eat meat, even if it be an offering in a sacrifice or shall ever drink liquor or wine even if it be offered to a deity.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 16
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 16
अकार्याचरणे क्लापि जाते स्वस्य परस्य। 3 अद्भच्छेदो न कर्तव्य शस्त्रादैश्व वा॥ १६॥
When an untoward action is committed either by oneself or by others, none shall through anger or excitement cut or mutilate one's limbs or limbs of other persons by means of any kind of weapon.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 17
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 17
स्तेनकर्म न कर्तव्य॑ धमर्थिमपि केनचित्।
None shall ever commit theft, even for the sake of performing an act of Dharma. Even articles such as firewood, flowers, etc. owned by others shall never be taken without their permission.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 18
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 18
व्यभिचारों न कर्तव्य पुम्भि स्त्रीभिश् मां श्रितै। धूतादि व्यसन त्याज्य॑ मादकम्॥ ॥ 5
All my followers, males and females, shall never practice adultery and/or gambling and such other bad habits, nor shall eat or drink intoxicants like hemp, opium etc.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 19
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 19
अग्राह्मान्नेन यदन्न॑ तदुदकं च न। कृष्णप्रसाद्यपि॥ १९॥ मं
Accepting water or cooked food from the people of some category is forbidden by scriptures. My follower shall not accept it even if it happens to be an offering to Lord Krishna. But the same can be accepted if it is an offering to lord Jagannatha in Jagannathpuri.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 20
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 20
हू मिथ्यापवाद स्वार्थस्य। नारोप्यो नापशब्दाश्र भाषणीया कदाचन॥ ॥
No one should level false accusations against anyone, even for the sake of achieving some self–interest or shall utter indecent words/abuses to others.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 21
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 21
देवतातीर्थविप्राणां साध्वीनां च सतामपि वेदानां च न कर्तव्या श्रव्या न च॥ २१॥
None shall ever speak or hear ill of deities, places of pilgrimage, Brahmins, chaste women, Sadhus and the Vedas
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 22
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 22
सुरामांसनिवेदनम्। यत्पुरोडजादि हिंसा च न भक्ष्य॑ तन्निवेदितम्॥ २ २
None shall ever accept prasad of a deity to whom offering of meat and/or liquor–wine are offered and /or before whom goats and/or other living beings are sacrificed.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 23
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 23
शिवालयादीनि देवागाराणि वर्त्मनि। प्रणम्य तानि तहेवदर्शनं कार्यमादरातू॥ २३॥
When (my followers) on their way, come across temples of Shiv, and other deities, they shall bow down to them and have their darshan respectfully.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 24
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 24
स्ववर्णा श्रमधर्मों य स हातव्यो न केनचित् न चाचर्यों न च पाषण्डकल्पित
None shall discard his duties which he has to perform as a member of a particular caste and none shall indulge in doing the duties assigned to a member of another caste, likewise no member of the order (of life) shall discard his duties which he must perform as a member of a particular order and none shall indulge in doing the duties assigned to the member of the other order. (Ashrama) And none shall follow (the religion propounded by the religious impostors) the religion which is not Vedic.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 25
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 25
स्वधर्माद्धा पतन वै श्रव्या॥ २५॥
None shall listen to religious discourses or narrations or stories (even the divine stories) of God from a person whose speech may lead to a fall from the path of devotion to God or from one's religious duties.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 26
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 26
कृतप्नसज्लस्त्यक्तव्यो लुझ्ा ग्राह्मा न कस्यचित्
None shall speak even truth which is likely to cause fatal misery to oneself or to others and shall avoid company of ungrateful persons or shall ever acccept illegal gratification from anybody.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 27
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 27
हू बेची॥ ॥ चोरपापिव्यनिनां पाखण्डिनां तथा। 5 कामिनां न कर्तव्यो जनवज्जनकर्मणाम्॥ २७॥
No one shall ever associate with a thief, an addict, a hypocrite, a debauch, and a deceit.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 28
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 28
जि जज जल भक्ति वा ज्ञानमालम्ब्य स्त्रीद्व्यरसलोलुभा 2 पापे प्रवर्तमाना स्यु कार्यस्तेषां॥
None shall associate himself with those persons, who under pretext of preaching religion or devotion to God, seek wealth, women and worldly pleasures and commit sins.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 29
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 29
कृष्णकृष्णावताराणां यत्र युक्तिभि स्यात्तानि शास्त्राणि न मान्यानि कदाचन॥ २९॥
None shall ever hear or believe in the Shastras which clearly refute (the name, glory, form and existence of) Lord Shri Krishna and his incarnations.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 30
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 30
अगालित॑ न पातव्यं पानीयं च पयस्तथा
None shall ever drink water and/or milk (including all kinds of edible oils) unfiltered nor shall use water containing many insects for purposes of bath, etc.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 31
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 31
यदौषधं॑ च सुरया सम्पूक्त॑ पललेन। अज्ञातवृत्तवैद्वेन दत्त चाद्यं न॥ ३१
None shall ever take medicines which are mixed with meat and/or liquor–wine or with both; or take medicines given by physician whose antecedents are not known.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 32
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 32
स्थानेषु लोकशास्त्राध्यां निषिद्धेषु कदाचन। मलमूत्रोत्सर्जन॑ च न कार्य तथा॥ ३२।
None shall ever excrete, urinate, or spit at the places prohibited by the public or by the scriptures.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 33
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 33
अद्वारण न निर्गम्यं प्रवेष्ठव्य॑ न तेन च। सस्वामिके वास कार्योउपृष्ट्वानतत्पतिम्॥ ३३॥
Adhvarera Na Nirgamyam Praveshtavyam |
The Lord forbids entry through an 'Adhvara'. Shatanand explains: Advarereti Alpam Dhvaramdvaram - an Adhvara is a small (or secret) way. The Lord forbids the use of such undisclosed or secretive pathways to and from a house. Such pathways are not for public use and so by using such paths, one commits the crime of trespassing.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 34
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 34
ज्ञानवातांश्रुतिर्ाया मुखात् कार्या न पूरुषै। 2 नविवाद स्त्रिया कार्यो न राज्ञा न च तज्जनै॥ ३४॥ हू
Gnaanvartashrutirnarya Mukhat Karya Na Purushauha |
Men (Purushauha) shall never (Karya) listen to religious discourses of Shastras (Gnaan-Varta-Shruti) from the face (Mukhat) of women (Narya). Thus knowledge of Atma-Paramatma as well as the supreme knowledge outlined in Bhagwat Gita should never be listened to.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 35
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 35
अपमानो न कर्तव्यों गुरुणां च वरीयसाम्। लोके प्रतिष्ितानां च विदुषां शस्त्रधारिणाम्॥ ३५॥
Apamano Na Kartavyo Gururaam Cha Variyasaam |
Loke Pratischtitaanaam Cha Vidushaam Shastradhariraam ||35||
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 36
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 36
न सहसा किद्ित्कार्यों धर्मस्तु सत्वरम् कार्य सड्ञोउन्वहें सताम्॥ ३६॥
Shatanand elaborates, saying that social actions or affairs should be thought about clearly using one's intellect. Such actions should be carried out only after discussing the subject with one that understands the truth - a Satpurusha. The poet Bharvi has said, 'No action should be undertaken without due consideration, as great misery and misfortune can befall such people. Those who always consider carefully their actions become wealthy in all aspects of life.' Thus such a person achieves happiness and prosperity even without applied effort. Bhartru Hari adds, 'Actions without thought are likely to cause suffering, just like forcing an arrow through your heart.'
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 37
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 37
5 गुरुदेवनृपेक्षार्थ न गम्यं रिक्तपाणिशि। विश्वासघातो नो कार्य स्वश्लाघा स्वमुखेन च॥ ॥
Gurudevanrupekshaartham - A Guru is one who offers Shree Krishna Mantra (initiation). A Deva is one's Ishtadev (personal God) and a Nrupa is a King. Na Gamyam Riktaparibhiha - should never be visited empty handed without a gift.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 38
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 38
परिहिते5पि स्युर्दश्यान्यज्ञानि चात्मन नैव परिधार्य मदाश्रितै
One must not wear clothing that is revealing as it degrades a person. Wearing such clothes can bring lustful thoughts to an onlooker. It brings unnecessary and inappropriate attention to oneself and shame to oneself.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 39
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 39
धर्मेण रहिता कृष्णभक्ति कार्या न 5 अज्ञनिन्दाभयात्रैव त्याज्य॑ श्रीकृणसेवनम्
Dharmera Rahita Krushnabhaktiha Karya Na Sarvatha |
The famed duties as prescribed by the Sat-Shastras should never be rejected. Shree Krishna Bhakti, which is nine-fold (Navadha Bhakti) should be practised together with the adherence to Dharma.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 40
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 40
उत्सवाहेषु नित्यं च कृष्णमन्दिरमागतै। पुम्भि स्पृश्या न वनितास्तत्र ताभिश्र पुरुषा
Shatanand here clarifies that men should not touch women i.e. married women, as touching a widow is prohibited ordinarily. However this code of conduct should really be obeyed to a much wider context to prohibit the touch of any woman or even girl. Similarly a woman should not touch a man.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 41
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 41
कृष्णदीक्षां प्रासैस्तुलसीमालिके गले। नित्यं चोर्थ्वपुण्डूं ललाटादौ द्विजातिभि
Shatanand explains: Krushnadikshamiti Guroha Gurupadsthadharmavamshyabrahmanta - Diksha or initiation should be given by the Brahmin Guru established from the family of Dharma (Dharma Vamsa). Krushna Diksha is - initiation via Mantra, marking the body, discipline and instruction - Krushnasya Diksha Mantrarchaniyamopadeshadilakshana - thus initiation into a Sampradai is much more than one realises.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 42
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 42
तत्तु गोपीचन्दनेन चन्दनेनाथवा हरे। जि कार्य पूजावशिष्टेन केशरादियुतेन च॥ ४२॥
Tatu Gopichandanena Chandanenathva Hareha |
Shatanand explains that Gopichandan is a special type of mud, which is famed in Dwarika. Legend has it that after the demise of Shree Krishna, his wives striken with grief, fell to the earth and became one with the earth. This area is known as 'Gopi Tarava' and this is where Gopichandan can be found. Alternatively any other purified mud or paste can be used which has been offered to God. This could be sandalwood paste etc.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 43
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 43
एवं कर्तव्य पुण्ड्द्रव्येण चन्द्रकः हर कुड्डुमेनाथवा वृत्तो राधालक्ष्मीप्रसादिना॥ ४३॥ ६
Tanmadhya Eva Kartavyata Pundradravyera Chandarkaha |
The centre (Madhya) of the Tilak (Pundra) is stipulated here. Thus it should be neither too high nor too low. Pundradravyera - that which is used to mark the Tilak should be used to mark the Chandlo (Chandrakaha)
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 44
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 44
कृष्णभक्ता तैस्तु मालोध्वपुण्डूके 2 द्विजातिवद्धारणीये निजधर्मेषु संस्थितै
Sachudraha Krushnabhaktaa Ye Taistu Malordhvapundrake |
Dwijativadvariye Nijadhasmeshu Sansthitaiha ||44||
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 45
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 45
2 भक्तैस्तदितरैर्माले चन्दनादीन्धनो द्धवे।
This Shloka is in reference to Asachudras and others. They too have the right to serve God but in their case they should not mark the vertical Tilak. They should wear only the Chandlo. All, regardless of their birth have a right to serve and worship the Lord. Even the worst of sinners are cleansed through the worship of God. Asachudras do not have the right of Poojan of Murtis, but do have the right of Darshan and Naamasankirtan and therefore need not wear the vertical Tilak.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 46
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 46
त्रिपुण्ड्रुद्राक्षधृतियेंषां स्यात्स्वकुलागता 5 तैस्तु विप्रादिभि क्लापि न त्याज्या सा मदाश्रितै॥ ४६॥
Tripundrarudrakshadrutiryesham Syat Svakulagta |
Taistuvipradibhiha Kapi Na Tyajya Sa Madashritauha ||46||
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 47
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 47
ऐकात्म्यमेव नारायृणमहेशयोः उमयोर्ब॑हारू वेदेषु प्रतिपादनात्
Ubhyorbrahmanrupera Vedeshu Pratipadanat ||47||
Those who think of God differently to this, where Narayan or Shiva are defamed in some way are insulting God. Shatanand says that such people should have their eyes removed. Such a person is blind to the truth and can never be enlightened to that truth.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 48
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 48
प्रत्यह॑ तु प्रबोद्धव्यं॑ पूर्वमेवो दयाद्रवे कृष्णस्मरणं कार्य शौचबविधिस्तत॥ ४९॥ ।
Shree Hari informs us that in the event of extreme calamities (Apatkaar), one should never use excuses to work their way around the directives of the Shastras. Often Shastras will be a little lenient upon those ill, young etc., but these leniencies should never be used inappropriately. One should always be sensible when observing Vratas. Those who are able to keep Vratas such as Upavaas (fasting) etc. should observe such Vratas and should never make excuses to diverge from their duties.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 49
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 49
उपविश्यैव चैकत्र कर्तव्य॑ दन्तधावनम्। शुच्यम्बुना धौते परिधार्ये च वाससी॥ ५०॥
Lord Swaminarayan now begins his teachings upon 'Nitya-Karma' - those duties observed daily - Pratyaham. They span the next six Shlokas. Shatanand explains that the period of 55 Gadis (one Gadi = 24 minutes) after sunrise is called Ushakala. Thereafter, 57 Gadis is Arunadeyakala and 58 Gadis after that is Praatahakala. The remaining time (for sunrise) is called Suryodeyakala. The time before sunrise is called Brahmuhurta. It is this Brahmuhurta Kala which is of significance and is precisely the time when we are to wake up and perform prayers to Shree Krishna.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 50
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 50
उपविश्य ततः शुद्ध आसने शुचिभूतले असड्डी्ण उपस्पृश्य॑ वोत्तरामुखम्॥ ५१॥
One must perform Datana (brushing their teeth) sitting in one place. Smruti strictly forbids any other way of brushing: Na Tishtam Brajan Kuryan Na Svapan Dantdhavan - 'One should never brush their teeth while standing, walking or lying down.' One must also perform Datana whilst observing 'Moun Vrata' - vow of silence. Datana should be performed using water and the famed sticks of wood. Vishnu explains such famed piece of wood: 'A stick of wood which has thaws and milk-like juice should be used. It should be twelve finger widths in length and one finger in width. One end should be made into free bristles at a depth of half a finger.'
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 51
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 51
कर्तव्यमूर्थव्वपुण्डूं च पुम्भिरिव सचन्द्रकम् कार्य सधवनारीभिर्भाले कुड्डुमचन्द्रक ५२॥ है
Apavishya Tataha Shudha Asane Suchibhutale - Thus a pure and cleansed 'Asana', which is placed in a clean environment, which does not come into contact with impure things, is to be used. The Asana is then sat on for purposes of perfoming Pooja.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 52
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 52
पुण्डूं वा चन्द्रको भाले न कार्यों मृतनाथया मनसा पूजन कार्य चाखिलै॥ ५३॥ ४
Kartavyamurdhvapundra Cha Pumbhireva Sachandrakam |
All male devotees are to mark their foreheads in this way - the Urdvapundra Tilak with the round Chandlo in the centre. Lord Swaminarayan in the next few Shlokas clarifies the Tilak Chandlo Vidhi for all types of people.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 53
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 53
प्रणम्य राधाकृष्णस्य तत आदरात् कर्तव्य व्यावहारिकम्
A Chandlo is considered to be an ornament. Bhrighu Rishi says: Vidhava Dharyeneva Shukshmavastramalkrutim - 'Widowed women should never wear revealing clothing nor any ornaments'. Therefore, since a Chandlo is considered an ornament, widowed women should not wear the Chandlo. The Kum-Kum Chandlo is also famed as one of the signs of married women.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 54
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 54
ये त्वम्बरीषवद्धक्ता स्युरिहात्मनिवेदिन मानसपूजान्तं कार्यमुक्तक्रमेण॥ ५५॥
After Maansi Pooja one should perform Bahya Poojan of their Ishtadev - Shree Radha-Krishna's idols given to them by their Guru/Acharya. Poojan inclusive of Shastang Namakar is to be performed, where eight parts of the body are surrendered to the Lord:
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 55
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 55
शैली वा धातुजा मूर्ति शालग्रामोउर्च्य एव तै। द्रव्वयथातै कृष्णस्य जप्यो5थाष्टाक्षरो मनु॥ ५६॥
Lord Swaminarayan distinguishes his two types of disciples - Vaishnav Satsangis and Vaishavottam Atmanivedis. The first are considered as ordinary devotees of Vishnu where as the second kind are much more advanced and dedicated in their devotion. The next six Shlokas discuss the duties of these great persons.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 56
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 56
स्तोग्रादेरथ कृष्णस्य पाठ कार्य। तथा5नधीतगीर्वाणै कार्य तन्नामकीर्तनम्॥ ५७॥ ।
Note here that these Shlokas are not for only Atmanivedi Bhaktas - they apply to all of us. We may not be Atmanivedi Bhaktas yet, but we should live in such a way as to aspire to become Atmanivedi. This should be our goal and so these Shlokas should be noted equally.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 57
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 57
हरेविंधाय नैवेद्य॑ भोज्यं। कृष्णसेवापरै प्रीत्या भवितव्यं च सदा॥ ५८॥
They should after chanting Shree Krishna, read hymns (Prathna) or read from scriptures, such as the Puranas and Stotras of the excellencies of Shree Krishna. In this way, they should perform Stuti. They should then perform Dandvata Pranamas (prostrations) as they chant Prasidh Bhagavaniti! 'O Lord! Shower thy blessings upon me. May thee be content in my actions.'
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 58
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 58
अन्शनशनशनशनशनश अ
The food offered to God should be either made by oneself or prepared by an acceptable person (according to caste etc.) such that one can partake in the Prashaad afterwards. I have previously explained the significance of Prashaad. Shatanand explains here that any other food that is taken will lead to sin and misery. Gautama in Padma Purana explains, 'Those who eat foods other than Prashaad offered to God and which is prepared in one's home are entrapped in the hells for seven lifetimes.' Thus, those who eat Prashaad receive a great wealth of benediction through their act. Indeed, it is written that by partaking in such Prashaad, one receives the Punya (fruits) of performing a hundred thousand million Yagnas.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 59
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 59
भक्तेरेतैस्तु कृष्णायानर्पितं वार्यपि क्वचित्। न पेय॑ भक्ष्य॑ च पत्रकन्दफलाद्यपि॥ ।
Harati Svashritaanam Kalamayamabhayaniti Hariha - 'Hari is he who removes the fears of time, illusion and death from devotees.' Vishnu Dharmotar explains, 'Devotees of Shree Krishna do not fear time, illusion or death,' therefore, though they may seem to be with qualities (Gunamai), they are in actual fact without qualities (Gunatit).
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 60
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 60
सर्वैरशक्तौ वार्धक्यादरीयस्यापदा5थवा जि भक्ताय कृष्णमन्यस्मै दत्ता यथाबलम्॥ ६१॥
Na Payam Naiva Bhakshyacha Patrakandafaladhyapi |
All edible foods including water, milk, fruits, vedgetables etc. should always be offered to God first. This subject has already been discussed. Shatanand adds that even new clothes, jewellery and the like should also be offered to God before use. This Shloka concludes the duties of an Atmanivedi Bhakta.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 61
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 61
आचार्येणैव दत्त॑ यद्यच्च तेन प्रतिष्टितम्। कृष्णस्वरूप॑ वन्दमेवेतरत्तु यत्
Illness, war and old age are some of the calamities or adversities here mentioned. In such case, their idol of worship - Shaligram or Murti should be passed onto some other Vaishnav devotee. In such situation, they should continue their devotion through Maansi Pooja.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 62
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 62
भगवन्मन्दिरं सर्वै गन्तव्यमन्वहम् नामसझ्ी्तन॑ कार्य तत्रोच्चै राधिकापते॥ ६३॥
Acharyereva Datam Yadach Tena Pratishtitam |
Krushnaswarupam Tatsevyam Vandyamevetaratu Yat ||
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 63
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 63
कार्यास्तस्य कथावार्ता श्रव्याश्व परमादरात् वादिन्रसहितं कार्य कृष्णकीर्तनमुत्सवे॥ ६४॥ ।
Bhagawanmandiram Sarvauha Saayam Gantavyamanvaham - All devotees should go to Mandir (temple of God) in the evening for Darshan. There he should: Namasankirtanam Karyam Tatrochau Radhikapateha - sing aloud and chant in praise of Radha's Lord - Shree Krishna. They should sing loudly with the mind affixiated upon the Lord for a duration of two Gadis (48 minutes).
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 64
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 64
प्रत्यह॑ कार्यमित्थ॑ हि सर्वैरपि मदाश्रितै। संस्कृतप्राकृतग्रन्थाभ्यासश्वापि यथामति॥ ६५॥
Karyastasya Katha Vartaha Shravyascha Parmadarata |
Vaditrasahitam Karyam Krushnakirtanmutave ||64||
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 65
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 65
यादृशैर्यों गुणै्युक्तस्ताइशे स कर्मणि। 5 योजनीयो विचार्येव नान्यथा तु कदाचन॥ ६६॥
Sanskuta Devabhasha Prakruta Lokikbhasha - Shatanand explains that Sanskrit is the language of the Gods and Prakrit is the language of man. Prakrit should be understood as Gujarati, Hindi, English etc. Study of Shastras in these texts should be readily performed daily. Why? - Tasyauvo Dharma Adharmaswarupagnaanmulatvaditi Bhavaha - one understands Dharma and Adharma through the study of such Shastras.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 66
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 66
अन्नवस्त्रादिभि सर्वे स्वकीया परिचारका सम्भावनीया यथायोग्यं यथाधनम्॥ ६७॥
This is for the benefit of both employer and employee. Those who possess the necessary skills, qualities and intellect to complete a specific task should be used for such purposes. Yagnavalkya explains, 'Those that understand Dharma should be used for tasks requiring such knowledge. A knowledgeable accountant should be sought for jobs pertaining to money matters. Scrupulous people should be utilised for scrupulous acts.'
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 67
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 67
यादृग्गुणो पुरुषस्ताइ्शा वचनेन सः। देशकालानुसारेण भाषणीयो न चान्यथा॥ ॥
Shatanand explains additionally that although servants are specifically mentioned here, in actual fact the Shloka is aimed at all that are under your care or shelter. Those it is your duty to support should be cared for to the best of one's ability. These are explained in Kashi Khanda:
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 68
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 68
गुरुभूपालवर्षिष्टत्यागिविद्वत्तपस्विनाम्। अभ्युत्थानादिना कार्य सम्मानो विनयान्वितै॥ ६९
Those that are of great qualities and of a nature beyond comparison, who are learned and from a reputable family and who are renowned for their penance and Yoga, should always be respected, duly addressed and given seat without thought.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 69
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 69
नोरौ कृत्वा गुरुदेवनृपान्तिके 1 उपवेश्य॑ सभायां च जानू बध्वा न वाससा॥ 9०॥
Gurubhupalvarshishtatyagividhvatapasvinaam |
Six specific types of people are here mentioned, who are worthy of respect and honour: (1) Guru - one who offers Mantra Diksha as well as a teacher who imparts knowledge, father etc; (2) Bhupal or King; (3) Varshishta - one who is elderly (Vrudha); (4) Tyagi - one who has renounced the material world, indeed everything in order to serve God - such as Sadhus who have chosen to serve the Lord instead of a Grihastrashrami - who have chosen to serve a wife!!; (5) Vidhvaan - those who are scholars - knowledgeable in the Vedas, Puranas and other Shastras; and (6) Tapasvinaam - those who perform great austerities and Vratas such as Kruchra, Chandrayana etc. in order to please the Lord. Thus these six are to be respected always, warmly welcomed and given seat.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 70
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 70
6 चिवादो नैव कर्तव्य स्वाचार्येण पूज्योउन्नधनवस्त्रादेर्यथाशक्ति स चाखिलै
Gurudevanrupantike - Guru, God and King are here mentioned but one should include the Vrudh, Tyagi, Vidhvaan and Tapasvi as previously mentioned.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 71
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 71
निशम्याशु प्रत्युद्न्तव्यमादरात् तस्मिन् यात्यनुगम्य॑ च ग्रामान्तावधि
One should never argue or fall out with their Acharya/Guru. They should not contest their Acharya using harsh words. They should never be insulted or slandered in any way.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 72
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 72
अपि भूरिफलं कर्म धर्मापेत॑ भवेद्यदि। 5 आचार्य तहिं धर्म सर्वार्थधदोडस्ति हि॥ ७३ है
Shatanand explains - Adarata Vaditradisahitmityarthaha - one should immediately go and welcome the Acharya with the sound of musical instruments. This is in accordance with the teachings of Parashar.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 73
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 73
पूर्वेंमहद्धिरिपि यदधर्माचरणं क्वचित्। कृत स्यात्तत्ु न ग्राह्मं ग्राह्मो धर्मस्तु तत्कृ
One shall always stay faithful to Dharma, as Dharma is the deliverer of all required wealth and happiness. There is nothing unachievable if one is faithful to Dharma. Therefore one should never act unrighteously, contrary to Dharmic law even if such act will derive great benefits and prosperity. One should always stay true to Dharma. Even in unfavourable times, one should never renounce their Dharma.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 74
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 74
गुह्ावार्ता तु कस्यापि प्रकाश्या नैव कुत्रचित् समददष्ट्या न कार्यश्र यथाहार्चाव्यतिक्रम॥ ७५॥
In the past, those who have performed great penance, who are learned in Yoga, who are famed for their divine nature, who are considered the best amongst mankind, but who have used somewhat unethical deeds, should not be imitated. Only the ethical deeds should be adopted.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 75
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 75
विशेषनियमो धार्यश्वातुर्मास्येडखिलैरपि। एकस्मिन् मासि स त्वशक्तैस्तु मानवै॥ ॥ ७६॥
Guhyavarta Tu Kasyapi Prakashya Naiva Kutrachit. Yagnavalkya explains, 'One should not reveal any information that should be kept quiet or not worthy of being disclosed. Such information should not be spoken or revealed in public.'
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 76
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 76
महापूजा मन्त्रजप स्तोत्रपाठ प्रदक्षिणा
Shreeji Maharaj now explains the various Vratas or religious disciplines to be practised. For three Shlokas, he explains the various duties to be practised during Chaturmaas:
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 77
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 77
2 साष्ठाज़प्रणतिश्नेति नियमा उत्तमा। एतेष्वेकतमो धारणीयो विशेषत॥ 8॥
Vishnoha Kathayaha Shravanam Vachanam Gunakirtanam |
Mahapuja Mantrajapaha Stotrapathaha Pradakshinaha ||77||
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 78
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 78
एकादशीनां सर्वासां व्रतमादरात् कृष्णजन्मदिनानां च शिवरात्रेश्न सोत्सवम्
Vishnoha Kathayaha Shravanam Vachanam Gunakirtanam |
Mahapuja Mantrajapaha Stotrapathaha Pradakshinaha ||77||
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 79
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 79
उपवासदिने त्याज्या दिवानिद्रा। उपवासस्तया नश्येन्मैथुनेनेव॥ ॥
Just as Chaturmaas Vrata is considered great, Ekadashi Vrata is also famed:
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 80
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 80
सर्ववैष्णवराज श्री वल्लभाचार्यनन्दन कृतवान् य॑ ब्रतोत्सवनिर्णयम्
Upavaasadine Tyajya Diva Nindra Prayatrataha |
Upavaasstaya Nashyenmaithuneneva Yanruram ||80||
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 81
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 81
कार्यास्तमनुसृत्यैव सर्व एव सेवारीतिश्र॒ कृष्णस्य ग्राह्मा तदुदितैव हि॥ ॥
Sarvavaishnavrajshreevallabhacharyanandanaha |
Shreevithaleshaha Krutvan Yam Vratotsavnirnyam ||81||
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 82
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 82
कर्तव्या द्वारिकामुख्यतीर्थयात्रा यथाविधि। सर्वेरपि यथाशक्ति दीनेषु॥ ८३॥
Vithalnath has explained that if the tenth day Dasham) is one with a duration of a 54 Gadis and 59 Paras (1 Gadi = 24 mins, 1 Para = 24 seconds) hence 24 hours and 42 minutes then the Dasham is said to be without Vegh. If however the Dasham is 55 Gadis hence 22 hours then the Dasham is said to be with Vegh. For those Dashams with Vegh, the eleventh day should not be taken for Ekadashi Vrata Upvaas. The twelvth day should be taken instead. If the half-month contains two Ekadashis or two Dvadashis (twelfth days) then the second of the two days should be taken for performing Upavaas Vrata in such situation.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 83
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 83
विष्णु शिवो गणपति पार्वती च दिवाकर पूज्यतया देवता मामके॥ ८४॥
Shatanand says that Dwarika is the best amongst holy places. By going to such holy places - Tirthas, one swims across the ocean of life (Sansar Samudra). The Tirtha is a Punya Kshetra a place of fruits or benediction. One should go to such places, perform Mahapooja of the Lord, be charitable towards Sadhus and Brahmins and celebrate such places. Shatanand explains that a Tirtha is a form of Bhakti or devotion and for such reason it is thus glorified.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 84
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 84
भूतादुपद्रवे नारायणात्मकम् हनुमन्मन्त्रो जप्यो न क्षुद्रदैवतः
Vishnuha Shivo Ganapatiha Parvati Cha Divakaraha |
Etaha Pujyatya Manya Devtaha Pancha Mamakauha ||84||
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 85
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 85
रवेरिन्दीश्वोपरागे जायमाने5परा क्रिया। हित्वाशु शुचिभि सर्वे कार्य कृष्णमनोरज॑प॥ ॥ जि
Bhutadhupadrave Kvapi Varma Narayanatmakam |
Japyam Cha Hanumamantro Japyo Na Kshudradaivataha ||85|
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 86
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 86
जातायामथ कृत्वा स्तरान॑ सचेलकम् 3 दान गृहिजनै शक्त्याउन्वैस्त्वरच्य ईश्वर॥ ८७॥ । अज ०2५०२५२४०2१२५००५०१२५२४०१४५७४७०४
Shatanand has not explained the reason for an eclipse, as documented in the Puranas but I feel it necessary to include. During the legendary churning of the Milky Ocean to obtain Amrit (Excelsior), God took the form of Mohini to get back the Amrit that was taken by the Asuras. Fooling the Asuras, she returned with the Amrit and began to offer the Amrit to all the Devas, as they sat in a line.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 87
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 87
जन्माशौचं मृताशौचं स्वसम्बन्धानुसारत पालनीयं यथाशास्त्र॑ चातुर्वर्ण्यजनैर्मम॥ ॥
After performing Japa, once the eclipse is over, one should bathe with all their clothes on their body. Grihastas (householders) shall donate gold and other such things. Hemadri says:
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 88
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 88
शमदमक्षान्तिसन्तोषादिगुणान्वितै ब्राह्मण शौर्यधैरयादिगुणोपेतैश्न बाहुजै॥ ॥
All people of the four castes are to observe Sutak. Sutak for births is different to Sutak of deaths. The length of the Sutak varies depending on how close you are to the person and who has been born or died.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 89
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 89
वैश्यैश्वन कृषिवाणिज्यकुसीदमुखवृत्तिभि। भवितव्य॑ तथा शूद्रैद्धिजसेवादिवृत्तिभि
Bhavyam shamdamakshantisantoshadigunanvitaiha |
Brahmanaiha Shauryadhairyadidunopetaischa Bahujaiha ||89||
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 90
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 90
संस्काराश्वाह्निकं श्राद्ध यथाकालं यथाधनम्
The third caste Vaishyas, should practice farming (Krushi) in accordance with Parashar's laws. They should also practice money lending (Kushid) with the collection of interest in accordance with Vyavaharadyaya. Vanaparva of Mahabharat explains, 'Those who have to live off cooked vegetables every five or six days but who are still not in debt and who do not go overseas for livelihood are happy.'
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 91
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 91
४ अज्ञानाज्ज्ञानतो वापि गुरु लघु पातकम् 3 क्वापिस्यात्त्हितत्प्रायश्रित्तं कार्य स्वशक्तित॥ ९२॥
Sanskaraschahnikam Shraadham Yathakaalam Yathadhanam |
Swasvagruhyanusarerna Kartavyam Cha Dwijanmabhiha ||
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 92
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 92
5 व्याससूत्राणि श्रीमद्धागवताभिधम् 5 पुराणं भारते तु श्रीविष्णोनामसहस्त्रकम्॥ ॥
Agnaanajnanato Vepi Guru Va Lagu Paatakam |
Kvapi Syattarhi Tatprayaschitam Karyam Svashaktiha ||92||
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 93
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 93
5 तथा श्रीभगवद्वीता नीतिश्र विदुरोदिता। 8 श्रीवासुदेवमाहात्म्यं स्कान्दवैष्णवखण्डगम्॥ ९४॥ ।
In the next three Shlokas, the orthodox Shastras of our Sampradai are explained, as they are accepted by Lord Swaminarayan to contain the essence of our Hindu Sanatan Dharma. Shastras are many in numbers, each of which propounds Dharma and Gnaan. Lord Swaminarayan, because of this, has chosen eight of these which are his favourite (Ista). Indeed it is these Shastras which will bring about the greatest devotion to God.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 94
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 94
याज्ञवल्क्यकऋषे स्मृति ममेष्टानि सच्छास्त्राणि हि पाई
Tatha Shreebhagwadgita Nitischa Vidurodita |
Shreevasudevmahatmyaham Skandavaishnavkhandagam ||
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 95
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 95
स्वहितेच्छुभिरेतानि मच्छिष्यै सकलैरपि श्रोतव्यान्यथ पाठ्यानि कथनीयानि च द्विजै 1
From the many Dharma Shastras (treatise on duty), Lord Swaminarayan has chosen the Smruti of Yagnavalkya (son of Brahmarshi Yagnavalka or Devraata) as the eighth and final Shastra - Yagnavalkya Smruti.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 96
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 96
तत्राचारव्यवहतिनिष्कृतानां च निर्णये। मिताक्षरोपेता याज्ञवल्क्यस्य तु स्मृति॥ ९७॥ ।
All my devotees, of the four castes, who desire salvation, should listen to these Sat-Shastras. Members of the upper three castes, Dwijas, should study and teach the Shastras. They should preach the contents through 'Katha'.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 97
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 97
श्रीमद्धागवतस्वैषु दशमपश्चमौ सर्वाधिकतया कृष्णमाहात्म्यबुद्धये॥ ॥
Tatracharavyavahyatiniskrutanaam Cha Nirnye |
Grahya Mitaksharopeta Yagnavalkyasya Tu Smrutiha ||97||
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 98
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 98
पद्चम याज्ञवल्क्यस्य च स्मृति भक्तिशास्त्र॑ योगशास्त्रं धर्मशास्त्रं क्रमेण में॥ ९९।
Shatanand depicts the Shrimad Bhagwat as a tree, of which the trunk (clearly most important) is the fifth and tenth Skandas. Indeed the Bhagwat is here compared as the Kalpavruksha - the legendary tree that is said to fulfil all the desires of those who chose to shelter beneath it.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 99
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 99
शारीरकाणां भगवद्गीताया श्रावगम्यताम् रामानुजाचार्यकृतं भाष्यमाध्यात्मिकं मम॥ १००॥
Yagnavalkya Dharma Shastra contains all of the characteristics of Dharma Smrutis, namely Achara - behaviour, Vyavahar - business affairs, Prayaschit - code of expiation, Kala - time and Karma - code of action and it's results.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 100
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 100
यानि वाक्यानि श्रीकृष्णस्य च अत्युत्कर्षपराणि स्युस्तथा भक्तिविरागयो॥ १०१॥
The works of Ramanujacharya (Laxmanacharya) - Shribhashya or Mahabhashya upon the Vyaas Sutras (Shariika Sutra) and Geetabhashya are accepted here by Lord Swaminarayan as his Vedantic philosophy. They are considered as his Adhyatmika Shastra as they glorify the greatness of Gods 'Sakar' (with form) nature. For this reason they should be studied and heard.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 101
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 101
प्रधानानि तान्येवेतरवाक्यत धर्मेण सहिता कृष्णभक्ति कार्येति तद्रहः॥ १०२॥
Texts propounding the divinity of Shree Krishna - as above the three qualities, of divine form/body and texts that are based upon Bhakti (devotion) are dear to Lord Swaminarayan. Those texts speaking greatly of Dharma (duty), Bhakti (devotion with affection) and Vairagya (renunciation) are desired by the Lord.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 102
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 102
सदाचार श्रुतिस्मृत्युपपादित। भक्तिश्न माधवे॥ ॥
Shatanand explains that Bhakti is the very cause of Mukti (salvation) and is a part of Gnaan (knowledge). Also Dharma is the support of Bhakti and therefore Bhakti should always be practised with the aid of Dharma. In Shrimad Bhagwat, it is often explained that Bhakti and Dharma are always together and thus inseparable.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 103
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 103
बैराग्य॑ ज्ञेयमप्रीति श्रीकृष्णेतरवस्तुषु 5 ज्ञान॑ च जीवमायेशरुपाणां वेदनम्॥ १०४॥
The next few Shlokas are very important as they define the various entities and categories which make up a Vedantic Philosophy, and therefore in these Shlokas Lord Swaminarayan defines his Vedantic belief to a certain degree.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 104
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 104
व्याप्याखिलां तनुम्। ज्ञानशक्त्यास्थितो जीवो ज्ञेयो5च्छेद्यादिलक्षण॥ ॥
Vairagyam Gneyamapritiha Shreekrushnetaravastushu - Vairagya is explained in the first half of this Shloka. Vairagya is non-attachment or displeasure in things other than Lord Shree Krishna. Vairagya is renouncing all material things that give pleasure and finding pleasure in devotion to God.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 105
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 105
त्रिगुणात्मा जीवस्य चाहं ममताहेतुर्मायावगम्यताम्॥ 2 ०६0
Hrutsthoanushukshmaschidhrupo Gnaata Vyapyakhilaam Tanum |
Gnaanashaktya Sthito Jivo Gneyoachedhyadilakshanam ||105||
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 106
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 106
जीववज्जीवे योउन्तर्यामितया स्थित। ज्ञेय स्वतन्त्र ईशोऊसौ सर्वकर्म फलप्रद॥ १०७॥
Trigunatma Tamaha Krushnashaktirdehatadiyayoha |
Jivasya Chahamamamataheturmayaavagamyataam ||106||
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 107
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 107
स श्रीकृष्ण परंत्रह्मा भगवान् पुरुषोत्तम। इष्टदेवो सर्वाविर्भावकारणम्॥ ॥
Hrudaye Jivavajjive Yontaryamitaya Sthitaha |
Gneyaha Svatantra Irshoasau Sarvakarmafalapradaha ||107||
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 108
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 108
सराधया राधाकृष्ण इति प्रभु। रुक्मिण्या रमयोपेतो लक्ष्मीनारायण सहि॥ ॥
Sa Shreekrushnaha Param Brahman Bhagawan Purushottomaha |
Upasya Ishtadevo Naha Sarvavirbhavakaranam ||108||
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 109
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 109
युक्तोडसौ नरनारायणाशिध। बलभद्रादियोगेन तत्तन्नामोच्यते स च॥ ११०।
Shri Krishna's various forms are described over the next four Shlokas. Krishna by the side of Radha, daughter of Vrishbhanu, shall be known as Radha Krishna.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 110
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 110
राधादयो भक्तास्तस्य स्यु क्वचित् क्वचित्तदज्ेजतिस्त्रेहत्स तु ज्ञेयस्तदैकल॥ १११॥
When Shree Krishna is with the 'middle' Pandava - Arjuna, who is the incarnation of Lord Nara, they should be known as NaraNarayana. Bhaarat explains: Arjune Tu Naraveshaha Krushno Narayana Swayam - 'Arjuna is the incarnation of Nara and Krishna is Narayana.' Similarly the Bhagwat explains, 'The two of you are the Rishis Nara and Narayana.'
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 111
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 111
हू अतश्चास्य स्वरूपेषु भेदो न। चतुरादिभुजत्व॑ तु द्विबाहोस्तस्य चैच्छिकम्॥ ११२॥
When the devotee is beside Shree Krishna, they shall be known as Radha-Krishna and other such names. At other times, the devotees may be within God, within his heart etc. At such times they are one with God and so Shree Krishna should be termed as alone in such case, even though God is never alone: 'Krishna is never alone without Radha and Radha without Krishna. They are always together in My heart, drowned in immense love.'
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 112
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 112
तस्वैव भक्ति कर्तव्या मनुजैर्भुवि। 5 निःश्रेयसकरं किद्धित्ततोउन्यन्नेति इश्यताम्॥ ११
Ataschasya Swarupeshu Bhedo Gneyo Na Sarvatha - Quite simply, no discrimination should be made between any forms of God here mentioned, as all are forms of Shree Krishna and are the one and the same.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 113
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 113
जि जा जज गुणिनां पर॑ फलम्
Tasyaiva Sarvatha Bhaktiha Kartavya Manujairbhuvi |
Nihashreyasaakaaram Kigachittatoanyaneti Dashyataam ||113||
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 114
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 114
कृष्णस्तदवताराश्र॒ ध्येयास्तत्प्रतिमापि च न तु जीवा नृदेवाद्या भक्ता॥ ११५॥
Here, two great fruits, devotion to Shree Krishna and the cause of Bhakti - Satsang, are explained to be the cause of the various desirable qualities in man such as knowledge etc. Indeed Bhakti and Satsang should be accepted as the benefits or fruits of those with righteous qualities. They are their own benefits.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 115
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 115
निजात्मानं देहन्रयविलक्षणम् विभाव्य तेन कर्तव्या भक्ति कृष्णस्य सर्वदा॥ ११६॥ ।
Shree Krishna is himself God Supreme. His Avatars or incarnations are Rama etc. Meditation upon such incarnations or forms (either as picture form or statue) should be performed. However Bhaktas with supreme knowledge, who claim they are Brahmroopa (form of God), should never be meditated upon.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 116
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 116
श्रीमद्धागवतदशमस्कन्ध आदरात् प्रत्यहं वा सकृद्वर्षे पण्डितै॥ ॥
Nijatmanam Brahmanrupam Dehatrayavilakshanam |
One's soul (Nijatma) is seperate from the three bodies known as Sthool, Shukshma and Karana. These three bodies are associated with the soul therefore God, who is the enlightenment of the soul is also different from the soul. The soul is Brahmroopam - of God and not itself God.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 117
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 117
कारणीया पुरश्चर्या पुण्यस्थानेडस्य शक्तित विष्णुनामसहस्त्रादेश्वापि कार्येप्सितप्रदा॥ ११८॥
Shravya Shrimadbhagwatdashamaskanda Adarat - implies listening to the tenth Skanda with great respect and faith (Adarat). Listening without such reverence will not derive the desired fruits. God explains, 'That which is offered devoid of faith in sacrifice, in charity or penance, is considered as Asad. Such acts will derive no fruits in this world or in others.'
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 118
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 118
दैव्यामापदि कष्टायां मानुष्यां गदादिषु। 2 यथा स्वपररक्षा वृत्यं न चान्यथा 1 2
Punyasthana or holy place is such place that it is the cause of Punya or benediction. Thus God's temples and places of pilgrimage are such places. Narad has said: 'A suitable place which is pure, where God's divine Murti is present or where sacred rivers such as the Ganges flow, these places are Punyasthanas.'
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 119
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 119
देशकालवयो वित् जातिशक्त्यनुसारत आचारो व्यवहार श्व निष्कृतं चावधार्यताम्॥ १२०॥
This Shloka is for the benefit and best interest of mankind. Saving oneself from harm and calamity is the best and greatest duty so the Lord has stipulated that one must act in such stuations to save themselves.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 120
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 120
विशिष्टाहैत॑ गोलोको धाम चेप्सितम्। 5 तत्र ब्रह्मात्मना कृष्णसेवा मुक्तिश्न गम्यताम्॥ १२१॥
Deshakalavayovittajaatishatyanusarataha |
Acharo Vyavahaarascha Nishkrutam Chavadharyataam ||120||
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 121
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 121
एते साधारणा पुंसां स्त्रीणां च। 5 मदाश्रितानां कथिता विशेषानथ कीर्तये॥ ॥
Matam Vishishtadwaitam Mae Goloko Dhaama Chepsitaam |
Vishishtadvaita is accepted as the Lord's philosophy. From the various philosophies - Advaita, Kevaladvaita, Shuddhadvaita, Vishishtadvaita etc. the Lord accepts Ramanuja's philosophy of Vishishtadvaita (special theory of non-dualism) as accurate.
General Dharmas for all Followers - Verse 122
Shikshapatri · Chapter general_dharmas_for_all_followers · Verse 122
मज्ज्येष्ठावरजभ्रातृसुताभ्यां कदाचन स्वासन्नसम्बन्धहीना नोपदेश्या हि योषित॥ १२ ३॥ ।
This concludes the Samanya or ordinary duties applicable to all. From this point on are explained the Vishesha or additional duties applicable to specific groups. Thus all devotees, male and female should observe the Saadhaarana (common) Dharmas such as Ahimsa, Daya etc.
Dharmas for Acharyas - Verse 123
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_acharyas · Verse 123
न स्प्ष्टव्याश्च क्वापि नहि क्रौर्य कार्यन करिंमश्रिन्यासो रक्ष्यो न कस्यचित्॥ १२४॥
The Lord first and foremost gives the special duties applicable to his Acharyas (spiritual heads of the sect) who have been given the seat of Gurus of the Swaminarayana-Uddhavi Sampradai. Lord Swaminarayan towards the end of his life decided that somebody should be selected, to be initiated as Guru to continue the work that he had begun. Discussing it with leading saints and devotees, it was decided that somebody from his own family (Dharma Kula) should be selected. Thus it was decided that two Acharya Gadis (seats) should be established governing the Northern and Southern regions of India.
Dharmas for Acharyas - Verse 124
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_acharyas · Verse 124
प्रतिभूत्व॑ न कस्यापि कार्य च व्यावहारिके भिक्षायापदतिक्रम्या न तु कार्यमृणं क्वचित्॥ १२५॥
The Acharyas should not touch any woman except those who are closely related to them. Similarly they should not talk with such women. He should avoid all situations or places where such a confrontation is unavoidable. Vishnudharmotara explains, 'Gurus, even though they are considered great, can face destruction swiftly in the company of women, by not controlling their senses and through selfishness of wealth.'
Dharmas for Acharyas - Verse 125
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_acharyas · Verse 125
स्वशिष्यार्पितधान्यस्य कर्तव्यो विक्रयो न जीर्ण दत्वा नवीन॑ तु तन्नैष विक्रय॥ १२६॥
Acharyas should not get involved in other people's social and business affairs such as selling, buying, giving, property etc. Thus they should not act as surety or advisor in such matters. This is because unnecessary suffering can be caused as a result of such advice. Similarly in times of hardship, the Acharyas should subsist on alms but never incur debt through borrowing money from the wealthy. This again is due to the fact that such borrowing can result in great pain and suffering.
Dharmas for Acharyas - Verse 126
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_acharyas · Verse 126
भाद्रशुक्लचतुर्थ्या च कार्य विध्नेशपूजनम्। इषकृष्णचतुर्दश्यां कार्याउर्चा च॥ १२७॥
They shall never sell land, paddy, barley, sheep, goats, horses, calves, cows or buffalo. Rajadharma of Mahabharata explains, 'To sell a goat is to sell Agni (fire). To sell a sheep is to sell Varuna (water) and Surya (sun). To sell food is to sell Prithvi (Earth or land).' In this way by selling such things we sell away the presiding deities of the things mentioned.
Dharmas for Acharyas - Verse 127
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_acharyas · Verse 127
मदाश्रितानां धर्म रक्षणहेतवे। गुरुत्वे स्थापिताभ्यां च ताभ्यां दीक्ष्या मुमुक्षव॥ ॥ 4
Badrashuklachaturthyaam Cha Karyam Vigneshapoojanam |
The fourth day of Shuklapaksha (bright half) of Bhadarva should be used to worship Vignaraja Shree Ganapati (the dispeller of obstacles). A clay idol of Ganapati should be made on that day for worship and offerings of vermilion powder and sweet balls (Ladu) should be made. Ganapati is the incarnation of Shree Krishna and so his worship is worthy.
Dharmas for Acharyas - Verse 128
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_acharyas · Verse 128
यथाधिकारं संस्थाप्या स्वे स्वे धर्मे निजाश्रिता 8 सन्तश्र कर्तव्य सच्छास्त्राध्यास आदरातू॥ १२९॥
Madashritanam Sarvesham Dharmarakshanhetave |
Gurutve Sthapitbhyaam Cha Tabhyaam Dikshya Mumukshavaha ||128||
Dharmas for Acharyas - Verse 129
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_acharyas · Verse 129
प्रतिष्ठापितानां मन्दिरिषु महत्सु च। ४ लक्ष्मीनारायणादीनां सेवा कार्या यथाविधि॥ १३०॥
Yathadhikaaram Santhapyaha Sve Sve Dharme Nijashritaha |
The Acharyas should ensure that his disciples stay true to their Dharma and to observe Swadharma according to their individual rights (Adhikaara). If an Acharya is unable to do this then the sins of the disciple befall upon him. Shankha Smruti explains, 'If a King does not teach and uphold Dharma (in his kingdom) then the sins of his subjects fall upon the king. Similarly a Guru receives the sins of his disciples and a husband, the sins of his wife.' Therefore a Guru is held accountable and responsible for the actions of his disciples, just as a father is held accountable for the actions of his young children.
Dharmas for Acharyas - Verse 130
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_acharyas · Verse 130
भगवन्मन्दिरं प्राप्तो यो5न्नार्थी को उपि मानव। आदरात्स तु सम्भाव्यो दानेनान्नस्य शक्तित॥ ॥
The Acharyas should serve and worship the Murtis of God installed in the big Sikhar-Bandha temples as well as the smaller temples and Havelis, by Lord Swaminarayan himself. He mentions Laxminarayan here simply because he wrote the Shikshapatri in Vadtal and so the idols of Laxminarayan, who preside in Vadtal temple are remembered.
Dharmas for Acharyas - Verse 131
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_acharyas · Verse 131
संस्थाप्य विप्रं विद्वांस पाठशालां विधाप्य च। सद्धिद्या भुवि यत्सुकृतं महत्॥ ॥
If any poor or needy person comes into any of the God's temples, then they should be given food and water and welcomed with respect. They should be given help, fruits, raw foods or cooked foods according to their ability.
Dharmas for Acharyas - Verse 132
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_acharyas · Verse 132
अधथैतयोस्तु भायीभ्यामाज्ञया पत्युरात्मन। कृष्णमन्त्रोपदेश श्र कर्तव्य स्त्रीभ्य एव हि॥ १३३॥
They shall build schools, colleges and other such educational institutions, with living quarters for students. They should appoint Brahmins learned in poetry, grammar and the Sat-Shastras to impart this knowledge to them. These Brahmins should be looked after, giving them a place to dwell etc. In this way true Vedantic knowledge should be imparted to the students as such act results in great Punya (benediction).
Dharmas for Wives of Acharyas - Verse 133
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_wives_of_acharyas · Verse 133
अज ०2५०२५२४०2१२५००५०१२५२४०१४५७४७०४
The wives of the Acharyas Ayodhyaprasada and Raghuvira - Virja and Sunanda (and similarly the wives of following Acharyas) should offer initiation and preach to women only, and not to men. They should do so with the permission of their husbands. They should preach the duties of married women (Suvasini) and widowed women (Vidhva).
Dharmas for Wives of Acharyas - Verse 134
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_wives_of_acharyas · Verse 134
गृहाख्याश्रमिणो ये स्यु पुरुषा मदुपाश्रिता स्वासन्नसम्बन्धहीना न स्पृश्या विधवाश्र
This is the final Shloka aimed at the Acharyas and their wives. The wives should stay aloof of men who are not closely related to them (Pasa Sambandhi). They should not even show their faces to males who are not closely related to them. Shatanand explains that this directive is to protect her Dharma. Manusmruti explains, 'A women, even though a Pativrata (devoted to her husband) or endowed with righteous qualities can degrade in the company of men.'
Dharmas for Householders - Verse 135
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_householders · Verse 135
मात्रा स्वस्त्रा दुहित्रा वा विजने तु वय। जि अनापदिनतै स्थेय॑ कार्य दानम् न योषित॥ १३६।
Grihasta (householder) duties are additionally given now. Householder men should not touch Vidhvas (widowed women) who are not closely related to them - i.e. who are not Pasa Sambandhi, such that the death of whom does not result in observing Sutak (period of untouchibility).
Dharmas for Householders - Verse 136
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_householders · Verse 136
व्यवहारेण केनापि भवेत्तस्या कार्य नैव सर्वथा॥ 2 ३७॥
Matra Svastra Duhitra Va Vijane Tu Vayahasthaya |
Anapadi Na Taiha Stheyam Karyam Danam Na Yoshitaha ||136||
Dharmas for Householders - Verse 137
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_householders · Verse 137
शक्तितो5भ्यच्यों ह्ातिथिस्तैग हागत दैवं यथाशक्ति कर्तव्य यथोचितम्॥ १ ३८॥ हू
One should not associate (by talking or sitting) with a woman who has links with a King or ruler of some sort, either through business affairs or social affairs. Mahabharat's Virat Parva explains, 'Sensible people never keep friendship with a woman who has contact with a King. Those women who have access to a King's quarters, those who are an enemy of his and who do not support the King should never be associated with.' Raj Dharma explains, 'One should not associate with a Queen, a woman who has personal relations with a King or a female servant of a King.' The reason being that unnecessary complication can arise through such association.
Dharmas for Householders - Verse 138
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_householders · Verse 138
2 यावज्जीवं च शुश्रूषा कार्या मातुः पितुर्गुरो। रोगार्तस्य मनुष्यस्य यथाशक्ति च मामकै॥ १३९॥
All should treat an Atithi (guest, stranger or anyone who comes to you for help or support) with due respect. The word Atithi simply means one who comes at an unspecified or unfixed time. Thus anyone who comes to you abruptly or comes for food or water should be welcomed. Here Shatanand explains that Atithi corresponds to a 'Bhikshuka'.
Dharmas for Householders - Verse 139
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_householders · Verse 139
2 यथाशक्त्युद्यम कार्यों निजवर्णाश्रमोचित 2 मुष्कच्छेदो न कर्तव्यो वृषस्य कृषिवृत्तिभि॥ १४०॥
Yavajjivam Cha Shushrusha Karya Matuha Piturguroha |
Rogartasya Manushasya Yathashakti Cha Mamkauha ||139||
Dharmas for Householders - Verse 140
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_householders · Verse 140
यथाशक्ति यथाकालं सड्टग्रहो5न्नधनस्य 5 यावद्व्ययं च कर्तव्य पशुमद्धिस्तृणस्य च॥ ॥
One should act and take up work suitable to their Varna (caste) and Ashram (class). Thus householders in particular should work for a living finding a suitable job dependent upon their skills, strengths, weaknesses etc. Those that do not act this way face ridicule, disrespect and suffering as a result.
Dharmas for Householders - Verse 141
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_householders · Verse 141
गवादीनां पशूनां च तृणतोयादिभिरयदि भवेत्स्वेन रक्ष्यास्ते तहिं॥ १४२॥
Shatanand explains that they should store sufficient wealth and food according to the household's yearly requirements. Food here is understood as grains and the like and wealth (Dhan) is understood as money. Similarly sufficient fodder should be stored for animals under your care.
Dharmas for Householders - Verse 142
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_householders · Verse 142
ससाक्ष्यमन्तरा लेखं पुत्रमित्रादिनाउपि च। भूवित्तदानादानाभ्यां व्यवहार्य न कहिंचित्॥ १४३॥ ।
Any animal, be it cattle (cows, bulls, buffalo, horse), parrot, dog etc should not be kept should you not have the means to look after them with fodder, water, or any other food stuff required by such animals. In similar fashion one should have adequate facilities for keeping such animals - i.e. stables etc. Facilities should be such that the animals are comfortable and at peace.
Dharmas for Householders - Verse 143
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_householders · Verse 143
कार्ये वैवाहिक स्वस्यान्यस्य वाड्प्यधनस्य तु। भाषाबन्धो न कर्तव्य॥ १ ४७1
All transfer of farming land, land, house and wealth such as gold should always be done in a proper manner with proper solicited documentation - witnessed by other people. In all such business matters, an appropriate document should be written and signed before property etc is transferred to others. Yagnavalkya explains a suitable witness to be used for such actions, 'One who performs penance, is charitable, from a reputed family, honest, obeys Dharma, unbiased, who has children and is reasonably wealthy - such a person should be used as a witness. Those who obey the Shruti-Smruti, and live in accordance with their Jata and Varna (caste laws) should be accepted as a witness.'
Dharmas for Householders - Verse 144
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_householders · Verse 144
आयद्रव्यानुसारेण व्यय कार्यों हि सर्वदा। अन्यथा तु महद्दुःखं भवेदित्यवधार्यताम्॥ १४५॥
In weddings, at the time of Kanyadaan, similar documentation should be written as outlined in the previous Shloka. Never should a verbal agreement be accepted. Shatanand explains that those who do not act in this manner face difficulty and often dispute between families.
Dharmas for Householders - Verse 145
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_householders · Verse 145
सधथथथडिधर
Ayadravyanusarena Vyavaha Karyo Hi Sarvada |
Anyatha Tu Mahad Dukham Bhavedityavadharyataam ||145||
Dharmas for Householders - Verse 146
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_householders · Verse 146
अप्यों दशांश इशस्त्विहदुर्बलै 1 2
They should daily maintain an income-expenditure analysis of their business and social affairs. The daily accounts should be written (prepared) in their own handwriting to avoid deceit or fraud at the hands of others. Rajadharma explains, 'Those who do not keep daily accounts, or who maintain illegible accounts can be accused of wrong doing in financial matters by the deceitful. Such people can swindle money from you and thus cause your downfall.'
Dharmas for Householders - Verse 147
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_householders · Verse 147
एकादशीमुखानां च निजशक्तित। उद्यापनं यथाशास्त्रं कर्तव्य चिन्तितार्थदम्॥ १४८॥ । 2
Nijavrutyudyampraptadhanadhanyaditascha Taiha |
Arpyo Dashanshaha Krushnaya Vinshonashastivaha Durbalauha ||147||
Dharmas for Householders - Verse 148
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_householders · Verse 148
कर्तव्य॑ कारणीयं वा मासि बिल्वपत्रादिमि श्रीमहादेवपूजनम्॥ १४९॥
In conclusion to various Vratas (disciplines) such as Ekadashi, one hundred thousand Pradikshana (circum-abulation), Dandvata (prostration), Mantra Japa or Purascharan (silent reading), one should perform Udhyapan. In Udhyapan one may donate cows, gold etc. They may feed Brahmins or perform Mahapooja of their Ishtadeva.
Dharmas for Householders - Verse 149
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_householders · Verse 149
स्वाचार्यान्नऋणं ग्राह्म श्रीकृष्णस्य च मन्दिरात्। 5 ताभ्यां स्वव्यवहारार्थ पात्रभूषांशुकादि च॥ ॥
Kartavyam Karaniyam Va Shraavane Masi Sarvatha |
Bilvapatradibhiha Pritya Shrimahadevapoojanam ||149||
Dharmas for Householders - Verse 150
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_householders · Verse 150
श्रीकृष्णगुरुसाधूनां दर्शनार्थ गतौ पणथि।
One should never incur debt with their Acharya or temple. In general terms, one should not take out a loan and thus incur debt. Angira explains, 'Never should one take out a loan unless circumstance such as death prevails. One should avoid the wealth of a Guru or Deva just like they would avoid poison.'
Dharmas for Householders - Verse 151
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_householders · Verse 151
यत्स्यात्तत् कर्मकारिणे न गोप्यमृणशुद्धयादि व्यवहार्य न दुर्जनै॥ १५२॥ 2
When going to visit Shree Krishna (at a temple), Guru-Acharya or a devotee of God with saintly qualities, one should never eat food given by others as such food destroys ones Punya. Here the word 'Paraan' is used to indicate food from others except that which has been begged (Bhiksha). Smruti explains, 'By eating the food from another person or source during the performance of a penance, Yagna, pilgrimage etc, the fruits of such labour are given away to that person.'
Dharmas for Householders - Verse 152
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_householders · Verse 152
दुष्कालस्य नृपस्योपद्रवेण। लज्जाधनप्राणनाश प्राप्त स्याद्यत्र सर्वथा॥ १५३॥
Before agreeing on employment, the employer should sit with the employee and outline exactly how much he will be paid for such job (a job description outlining his duties should be provided). Employers should stick to the wages agreed and pay the exact amount on time. Those that do not act in this way face misery and their mind, intellect, etc, all face destruction.
Dharmas for Householders - Verse 153
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_householders · Verse 153
स स्वेषां सद्य एव विचक्षणै त्याज्यो मदाश्रितै गत्वा देशान्तरं सुखम्॥ १५४॥ ।
One should leave the place that they reside within, if some natural disaster strikes, poverty or unfavourable times (Duskalasya) strike or if one is harassed (Upadrava) in such place due to a wicked ruler. Similarly they should leave such place if one looses their honour or reputation (Laaja), wealth (Dhana) or even their life (Prana). This is the best advice, to save oneself from such tyranny by leaving such place.
Dharmas for Householders - Verse 154
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_householders · Verse 154
गृहिमि कार्या अहिंसा वैष्णवा मखा पर्वसु तथा भोज्या विप्राश्न साधव॥ ॥
Even if the place they reside is where they and their ancestors have resided, they should leave such place. Manusmruti explains, 'One should never reside in a place where their is mass abandonment of Dharma, which is plagued, where there is harassment and which is full of unrighteous people.'
Dharmas for Householders - Verse 155
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_householders · Verse 155
महोत्सवा कर्तव्या तै। देयानि पात्रविप्रेथ्यो दानानि विविधानि च॥ १५६॥
Additional duties for the wealthy householders are given here over the final two Shlokas of Grihasta Dharma. Adhya (wealthy) householders should perform Ahimsa Yagnas (non-violent sacrifices). The Vaishanavas, whose main deity is Lord Vishnu should perform Vishnuyaga (sacrificial offerings to propitiate Shree Vishnu). Maharshis have explained, 'The only path to bliss for wealthy householder's is to perform Yagnas using the wealth bestowed upon them by God.'
Dharmas for Householders - Verse 156
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_householders · Verse 156
मदाश्रितैरनू पैर्धर्मशास्त्रमाश्रित्य चाखिला प्रजा सवा पुत्रवत्याल्या धर्म स्थाप्यो धरातले॥ १५७॥
They shall hold great festivals with the festivity of song, music, dance, rites of Abhisheka of deities (bathing of Gods Murtis) and offerings of Mahanaivedya. Festival days such as Ekadashi, Janmashtmi etc. should be celebrated through Pooja of Shree Krishna and feeding devotees of God. Deserving Brahmins should be given Daan (donation). Similarly Sadhus (ascetics) should be given various kinds of alms such as clothing.
Dharmas for Rulers - Verse 157
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_rulers · Verse 157
राज्याज्ोपायघडवर्गा ज्ञेयास्तीर्थानि चाझ्ासा 2 व्यवहारविद सभ्या दण्डयादण्डयाशचलक्षण॥ १५८॥
Kings should look after their subjects as if they were his own children. They should establish Dharma upon the Earth, within their own Kingdom and instil Sadachar (righteous conduct) according to Varnashram Dharma. They should guide those who are on the path of unrighteousness. Those Kings who do not act in such a way acquire sin. Bhagwat explains this, 'Those Kings who do not maintain Dharma within his subjects and who receives tax from his subjects, receives the sins of his subjects. Such Kings degrade themselves and loose any righteous qualities that they may possess.'
Dharmas for Rulers - Verse 158
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_rulers · Verse 158
जि जल जल
Rajyango (Rajya Na Anga) - there are seven such limbs that deal with successful administration of the state. They refer to persons or things necessary for successful administration of state. Mahabharat explains these: (1) Swami - ruler or King, (2) Amatya - ministers or heads of departments, (3) Suhrud - friend or advisor, (4) Kosh - treasurer, (5) Rashtra - President, (6) Durga - castle or fortress and (7) Sainya - army. Thus the King should have these things to ensure successful administration.
Dharmas for Married Women - Verse 159
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_married_women · Verse 159
रूपयौवनयुक्तस्य गुणिनोन्यनरस्य तु। नैव कर्तव्यस्ताभि साहजिको5पिच॥ १६०॥ ।
Sabhartrukabhirnaribhiha Sevyaha Svapatirishavat |
Andho Rogi Daridro Va Shardho Vachyam Na Durvachaha ||159||
Dharmas for Married Women - Verse 160
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_married_women · Verse 160
नरेक्ष्यनाभ्यूरुकुचा5नुत्तरीया च नो साध्वी स्त्री नच भण्डेक्षा न निर्लज्जादिसद्िनी
Shatanand explains that married women should not repeatedly look at other men, speak with them or stay/remain with them. Shree Shankar in Anushasan Parva explains, 'Young women who are Pativrata or of righteous qualities degenerate through association with other young men. Similarly a man also faces destruction through the association of women.' For this reason, one should refrain from contact with a person of the opposite sex. One should refer also to Brahmvaivrata Purana and others for Pativrata Dharma.
Dharmas for Married Women - Verse 161
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_married_women · Verse 161
भूषासदंशुक धृति परगेहो पवेशनम्। हास्यादि च स्त्रीभि पत्यौ देशान्तरं गते॥ १६२॥ ।
The underlying message here is to dress respectfully and with decency such that one covers their body. Yagnavalkya explains, 'Wives who respect and serve their husbands with good conduct (Sadachari) and who has control over her senses is famed in this world and after death is promoted to greatness.'
Dharmas for Married Women - Verse 162
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_married_women · Verse 162
विधवाभिस्तु योषाभि पतिथिया हरि 5 आज्ञायां पितृपुत्रादेर्वृत्यं स्वातन्त्यतो न तु॥ १६ ३॥ ।
Yagnavalkya Rishi explains, 'To play, decorate the body, to go to festivals, to laugh or to go to other peoples houses should all be renounced by a Suvasini (married women).' Other duties of a married woman (as extracted from Shrimad Satsangi Jeevan) are as follows: They should not slander anybody and waste time in idle gossip. They should adorn the red mark - Chandlo made from Kumkum as it represents the sign of her marriage as well as showing her enthusiasm, strength, grace and order. They should introduce their young (from the age of three) into Dharma and religion - instilling the necessary Sanskaras into them. They should have a loving and kind nature towards all. They should themselves progress through education and never fall into useless arguments but resolve their differences.
Dharmas for Widows - Verse 163
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_widows · Verse 163
स्वासन्नसम्बन्धहीना नरा न कहिंचित् तरुणैस्तैश्व तारुण्ये भाष्यं नावश्यकं विना॥ १६४॥
Ten Shlokas of additional duties of a Vidhva Stree (widowed women) are given. This first Shloka explains their primary duty - that is to simply worship Lord Shree Krishna in the manner they would their husband. 'They should worship God Vishnu as they would their husbands', explains Skanda Purana and others. (Note - it is assumed that they served and worshipped their husbands with the utmost faith and respect!!).
Dharmas for Widows - Verse 164
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_widows · Verse 164
स्तनन्धयस्य स्पर्शे न दोषो 5स्ति पशोरिव। आवश्यके च वृद्धस्य स्पर्श तेन च भाषणे शा हू
After the death of their husband, such widows should observe the Vrata of Brahmcharya (strict celibacy). For this reason, the Lord has commanded here that widowed women should never touch or converse with other men who are not closely related to them. The Lord has advised in this way to protect their Brahmcharya as the Vrata of Brahmcharya is destroyed through touching, speaking or even looking at other men.
Dharmas for Widows - Verse 165
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_widows · Verse 165
विद्याउनासन्नसम्बन्धात्ताभि। कर्तव्यों मुहुर्देददमस्तथा॥ १६६॥
A widow may touch a child or animal, as both cases are innocent. Similarly she may speak with and elderly gentleman (forty years or over) if required. This is because the fact that the question of lustful tendencies that can arise through touch as explained by Shastras does not necessarily hold for a young child or elderly person explains Shatanand. 'Lustful tendencies arise mostly during youthful age (Yuva-Avastha)', explains Skanda Purana. Thus, those aged between fifteen and forty are most susceptible to lust.
Dharmas for Widows - Verse 166
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_widows · Verse 166
2 च धर्मकार्येडपि स्वनिर्वाहोपयोगि यत्। ताभिर्न तत् देयं चेदथिकं तदा
The first part of this Shloka is an extension of previous Shlokas in that it is there for the protection of their Brahmcharya. The second part of the Shloka explains: Vratopavasauha Kartavyo Muhurdeha Dharmastatha - They should constantly control their body through observance of frequent fasts and Vratas. Therefore they should observe Ekadashi Upavas as well as other Vratas such as Dharana Parana. Similarly they should perform such Vrata-Upavas as Prayaschit if they were to accidentally touch some other man. They should thus constantly perform these rituals in order to maintain control over their body.
Dharmas for Widows - Verse 167
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_widows · Verse 167
कार्यश्र सकृदाहारस्ताभि स्वापस्तु भूतले मैथुनासक्तयोवींक्षा कार्या न देहिनो॥ १६८॥
Shatanand clearly stipulates that it is not one's Dharma to put themselves into difficulty like this. They should donate their wealth only if they have surplus wealth with sufficient savings. Thus to act contrary to this is breaking one's duty which is sinful.
Dharmas for Widows - Verse 168
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_widows · Verse 168
वेषो न धार्यस्ताभिश्च सुवासिन्या स्त्रियास्तथा। न्यासिन्या बीतरागाया विकृतश्व न क्हिंचितू॥ १६९॥ । 5
She should eat only once a day (except for days of Upavaas when she should observe a full day fast). She should never sleep on a raised platform, but should sleep on the floor. She should also never look at animals in the act of coition, as it will immediately cause turmoil in the mind, weakening it and thus destroying their Brahmcharya Vrata. Shaubhari Rishi saw two fishes in such act and immediately faced degradation.
Dharmas for Widows - Verse 169
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_widows · Verse 169
न गर्भपातिन् ्या स्पर्श कार्यश्र योषित। शुद्ारवार्ता ननृणां कार्या श्रव्या नवैक्कचित्॥ १७०॥
Thus a widowed woman should always dress in accordance with that which is conducive to her status etc. Shatanand has not gone into any greater depth here (as it is self-explanatory).
Dharmas for Widows - Verse 170
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_widows · Verse 170
निजसम्बन्धिशिरपि तारुण्ये साकं रहसि न ताभिरापदमन्तरा॥ १७१॥
Touching somebody who practices abortion is prohibited due to the adulterous nature of that person which is sinful. Also association with such a person is inappropriate as the bad qualities of such a person can be passed on to a widow leading to her destruction and ill repute.
Dharmas for Widows - Verse 171
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_widows · Verse 171
न होलाखेलनं कार्य न भूषादेश्न धारणम् न धातुसूत्रयुक्सूक्ष्मवस्त्रादरपि
Jaimini Smruti explains the fact that in youthful age, there is no other stronger destructive force than that of lust. For this reason even a mother and son should not remain in a secluded place together.
Dharmas for Widows - Verse 172
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_widows · Verse 172
सधवाविधवाभिश्च न निरम्बरम् ू। स्वरजोदर्शन॑ स्त्रीभिर्गोपनीयं न॥ १७३॥
Playful games during Holi of throwing coloured powder should be avoided by widows. Similarly they should never wear richly clothing or ornaments. She should not wear Kumkum, Kajara etc., which are appropriate for a married woman. Alternatively, rich clothing - either silken or golden nor bangles made from Sankha should not be worn by a widow as they too are appropriate for a Suvasini Stree. All such acts are stipulated in order to uphold her duty of renunciation and deep devotion for God.
Dharmas for All Females - Verse 173
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_all_females · Verse 173
मनुष्यं चांशुकादीनि दिनत्रय॑ सा स्पूशेत्॥ ॥
Sadhvavidhvabhischa Na Snatavyam Nirambharam |
Two Shlokas conclude the additional duties for women, which apply to all women - married, widowed, and Acharya Patnis. Firstly they should never bathe naked (Nagna Snaan). To do so is disrespect for Lord Varuna (God of rivers/water). Krishna said to the Gopis, when they bathed naked in the waters of Jamuna: 'You, who observe Vratas, have entered the water without clothing, and thus have insulted and shown disrespect for the God (Varuna) therein'. In similar manner, men should also not bathe without clothing, explains Shatanand.
Dharmas for All Females - Verse 174
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_all_females · Verse 174
नैष्टिकब्रतवन्तो ये वर्णिनो मदुपाश्रया। ६ ते स्पृश्यानस्त्रियो भाष्या नच वीक्ष्याश्नताधिया॥ १७५॥ ४
Such a 'Rajsvala Nari' should not touch another person of their 'Jata' for three days. They may however touch animals. Similarly, clothing and utensils made from clay/pottery should also not be touched for three days and nights. On the fourth day, after bathing (including washing her hair), she may touch the household utensils etc.
Dharmas for Brahmin Celibates - Verse 175
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_brahmin_celibates · Verse 175
तासां न कर्तव्या न कदाचन 2 तत्पादचारस्थानेषु न च स्त्रानादिका क्रिया॥ ॥
Naishtikvratvanto Ye Varnino Madupashrayaha |
Taiha Sprushya Na Striyo Bhashya Na Na Vikshyascha Ta Dhiya ||
Dharmas for Brahmin Celibates - Verse 176
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_brahmin_celibates · Verse 176
देवताप्रतिमां हित्वा लेख्या काष्ठादिजापि। 5 नयोषित्प्रतिमा स्पृश्या न वीक्ष्या बुद्धिपूर्वकम्॥ १७७॥ ।
They should not talk about females, commenting on their good and bad qualities etc. Narad has said, 'Tyagis who observe Brahmcharya Vrata should never talk about women, as sense organs which are not kept under control (enjoying sensual pleasures) degrade even an ascetic.' In this way they should not listen to such talks also.
Dharmas for Brahmin Celibates - Verse 177
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_brahmin_celibates · Verse 177
जि जज जल न स्त्रीप्रतिकृति कार्या स्पृश्य॑ योषितों 5शुकम् न मैथुनपरं प्राणिमात्रं च तैथिया॥ ॥ 5
'They should not even look at a painting of a woman with fondness or cupidity', says Narad in Pancharatra. Shrimad Bhagwat explains, 'Tyagis should not touch a picture or statue of a woman.' This again is to uphold their Brahmcharya Vrata and to prevent lustful desires from forming in their mind.
Dharmas for Brahmin Celibates - Verse 178
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_brahmin_celibates · Verse 178
न स्पृश्यो नेक्षणीयश्व नारीवेघधर पुमान्। 2 न कार्य स्त्री भगवद्गुणकीर्तनम् 3
They may however paint pictures of Goddesses. They should not touch clothing worn by women. (This is clothing which is not washed, wet, dried or new). They should not look at animals or birds etc. in the act of coition.
Dharmas for Brahmin Celibates - Verse 179
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_brahmin_celibates · Verse 179
ब्हमचर्यव्रतत्यागपरं वाक्य गुरोरपि मान्य सदा स्थेयं धीरैस्तुद्ैरमानिभि॥ १८०॥ अज ०2५०२५२४०2१२५००५०१२५२४०१४५७४७०४
Shatanand explains that there is no difference in looking at a woman and a man in the disguise of a woman as the same emotions can arise. Similarly they should not touch such men.
Dharmas for Brahmin Celibates - Verse 180
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_brahmin_celibates · Verse 180
स्वातिनैकट्यमायान्ती प्रसभं वनिता तु या। निवारणीया साभाष्यतिरस्कृत्यापि वा॥ १८ १।
Linga Purana explains, 'The non-existence of lustful or sexual tendencies in the mind, speech and action is Brahmcharya Vrata, observed by ascetics and Brahmcharis alike.' Such observance of the Vrata of Brahmcharya is the greatest tool for attaining God and the heavens - Brahmcharyasyeva Brahmpraptihetubhutsakalsadhaneshu Mukhyatmatvaditi Bhavaha.
Dharmas for Brahmin Celibates - Verse 181
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_brahmin_celibates · Verse 181
2 प्राणापद्युपपन्नायां स्त्रीणां स्वेषां च वा क्वचित्। जि तदास्पृष्ट्वापि तद्रक्षा कार्या सम्भाष्य ताश्र वा॥ १८ २।
If for some reason a female makes advances towards a Brahmchari then he may use words such as "Go away from here - stay away from me!" in order to prevent the woman from coming any closer. If such words fail then he may show contempt towards her by using harsh words or anger towards her. In this way he should prevent any direct confrontation and send her on her way.
Dharmas for Brahmin Celibates - Verse 182
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_brahmin_celibates · Verse 182
तैलाभ्यड्रो न कर्तव्यों न धार्य चायुधं तथा वेषो न विकृतो धार्यों जेतव्या रसना च॥ १८ ३॥
The Lord commands that a Brahmchari may do whatever is necessary (at the risk of breaking their duty of Brahmcharya) in order to save the life of oneself or others. In times of emergency such as a house on fire, somebody drowning, someone being attacked or any other such situation where one's own or another's life is in danger, a Brahmchari must save his own life or the life of a woman by touching or talking to her. Thus the law of Ahimsa is above Brahmcharya.
Dharmas for Brahmin Celibates - Verse 183
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_brahmin_celibates · Verse 183
परिवेषणकर्त्री स्याद्यत्र स्त्री विप्रवेश्मनि। न भिक्षार्थ गन्तव्यमितरत्र तु पश८ ४॥ हु
A Brahmchari should not massage his body with oil. Similarly he should not arm himself as this gives a wrongful impression of a violent nature to others. Manu and Yagnavalkya have under some circumstances given permission to Brahmins to arm themselves - such as in adverse times (Apatkara): 'A Dwija should arm himself when there is downfall of Dharma.' The use of 'Cha' suggests that Brahmcharis should also renounce the use of betel leaf and the like. Prachetas Muni explains, 'Sanyassins, Brahmcharis and Vidhvas (widows) should refrain from eating betel leaf, massaging their body with oils and eating from metallic objects/plates.'
Dharmas for Brahmin Celibates - Verse 184
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_brahmin_celibates · Verse 184
अभ्यासो वेदशास्त्राणां कार्यश्र वर्ज्य स्त्रीणामिव स्त्रैणपुंसां सड्टश्च तै सदा॥ १८५॥ ।
In order to uphold their Brahmcharya Vrata, they should act in this manner. Mitakshara explains further, the types of houses they should go to for alms, 'They should go to those houses for alms other than where false accusations are likely to be given, where they are mischievous or cunning, where they are deceitful or fraudulent and where undesirable actions prevail. They should go to those houses where Dharma is upheld.'
Dharmas for Brahmin Celibates - Verse 185
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_brahmin_celibates · Verse 185
5 चर्मवारि न जात्या केनचित्। पलाण्डुलशुनाद्यं च तेन न॥ १८६॥
Brahmcharis should study the Vedas - Rig Veda and others. They should also learn the six extensions of the Vedas (the Vedangas), Sankya Yoga, Uttar Mimamsa and other such Shastras. These Shastras are Sanatan (eternal). They are Hinduism's orthodox scriptures, which are indisputable and therefore are worthy of study.
Dharmas for Brahmin Celibates - Verse 186
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_brahmin_celibates · Verse 186
हरारे ने॥ ॥ सन्ध्यां च गायत्रीजपं श्रीविष्णुपूजनम् 5 अकृत्वा कर्तव्य नैव भोजनम्॥ १८७॥
Charmavari Na Vai Payam Jatya Viprerna Kenachit |
Palardulasunadyam Cha Tena Bhaksham Na Sarvatha || 186 ||
Dharmas for Brahmin Celibates - Verse 187
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_brahmin_celibates · Verse 187
सर्वेनै्लिकब्रह्चारिवत् स्त्रीस्त्रेणसड्गादि वर्ज्य जेतव्याश्वान्तरारय॥ १८८॥ 5
Snaanam Sandhyaam Cha Gayatrijapam Shrivishnupoojanam |
Akrutva Vaishvadevam Cha Kartavyam Naivabhojanam ||187||
Dharmas for Saints - Verse 188
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_saints · Verse 188
सर्वेन्द्रयाणि जेयानि रसना। कार्य कारणीयो न केनचित्॥ १८९॥ ।
Nine Shlokas span the additional duties of Sadhus. A Sadhu is one who renounces all worldly affairs and has attachment to God alone. Thus Sadhus are commanded to uphold Brahmcharya Vrata and live their lives as absolute celibates.
Dharmas for Saints - Verse 189
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_saints · Verse 189
न्यासो न कस्यापि धैर्य त्याज्य॑ न कहिंचित् न प्रवेशयितव्या च स्वावासे स्त्री कदाचन॥ १९०॥
They should overcome all senses (or sense objects) - Indriyas - that is the five Gnaan Indriyas (ears, eyes, skin, tongue and nose), five Karma Indriyas (arms, legs, mouth, male/female genital organs) and the mind. Thus these eleven Indriyas should be controlled.
Dharmas for Saints - Verse 190
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_saints · Verse 190
न च विना रात्री चलितव्यमनापदि। एकाकिभिर्न गन्तव्यं तथा क्वापिविनापदम्॥ १९१॥
Sadhus should not act as 'safe house' for others. This is because such a subject matter is the cause of distress, difference and argument, explains Shatanand. This is very true as we can see in practice that many fall-outs are often caused due to financial differences.
Dharmas for Saints - Verse 191
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_saints · Verse 191
अनर्घ्य वास कुसुम्भादश्व रज्जितम्। न धार्य च महावस्त्रं प्राप्रमन्येच्छयापि ततू॥ ॥ १९२॥
Sadhus should never wander alone. They should always be in the company of other Sadhus. When travelling from one town to another, they should always go in a pair or a group. Similarly when going to somebody's house, they should never go alone. Krutyachintamani adds generally, 'After sunset, one should not wander alone. They should not wander with unrighteous people nor enter a village through some secret pathway.' These commandments can be interpreted to be in the context of our safety also. However it is also the case that one can achieve salvation more easily through the company of other saints or righteous people and therefore Shastras speak of 'Ekanta' (residing alone) to be interpreted as living amongst those that are righteous.
Dharmas for Saints - Verse 192
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_saints · Verse 192
भिक्षां सभां विना गन्तव्यं गृहिणो गृहम्। व्यर्थ कालो न नेतव्यो भक्ति भगवतो विना॥ १९३
'Expensive clothing or garments with golden threads and colourful designs are for Kingly folk and other wealthy people and therefore are termed Rajoguni', explains Dharmopradeep. Therefore due to their Rajoguni nature and the fact that it does not befit a Tyagi to wear such clothes, ascetics are forbidden from wear such clothing. They should wear neutral basic clothing that serves the purpose of covering up the body
Dharmas for Saints - Verse 193
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_saints · Verse 193
भवेद्यत्र पक् ्वन्नपरिवेषण 1 3 इंक्षणादि यत्र स्त्रीणां च॥ ॥
Niti Shastras explain the circumstances when one may attend a function even without invitation: 'They should go to a Yagna even if they have not been invited.' Thus one may attend religious functions, Yagnas, Katha etc. even without an invitation.
Dharmas for Saints - Verse 194
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_saints · Verse 194
2 गृहिगृहे भोक्तुं गन्तव्यं साधुभिर्मम। अन्यथामान्रमर्थित्वा पाक कार्य स्वयं च तै॥ १९५॥
This is to protect their Brahmcharya Vrata.
Dharmas for Saints - Verse 195
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_saints · Verse 195
2 आर्षभो जडविप्रो यथा भुवि।
Shatanand adds that it is unsuitable for a Tyagi to prepare food - it should really be begged. However they may prepare such food for offering to God. God has said, 'Those (Tyagis) who prepare food for themselves prepare sin for themselves - and thus are consumed by sin.'
Dharmas for Saints - Verse 196
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_saints · Verse 196
साधुभिश्रैतै्वर्जनीयं। ताम्बूलस्याहिफेनस्य तमालादेश्व भक्षणम्॥ १९७॥
The example set by Rajarshi Bharat, the son of Rishabdeva is cited here. In his third birth upon this Earth, his behaviour as an illiterate Brahmin is glorified. In similar manner, Paramhansa Sadhus too should live their lives as he did. Shatanand explains the meaning of Paramhansa: 'Param is understood to be those with extensive wealth. Alternatively, 'Par is an enemy of Dharma, thus Param is one who annihilates such an enemy. Such a Hansa (soul or spirit) is a Paramhansa.'
Dharmas for Brahmin Celibates and Saints - Verse 197
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_brahmin_celibates_and_saints · Verse 197
संस्कारेषु न भोक्तव्य॑ गर्भाधानमुखेषु। सर्वेषु श्राद्ध च द्वादशाहिके॥ १९८॥
They should strictly refrain from taking Paan - Tambul (betel leaves), Afirna (opium), Tamaku (tobacco) as well as other drugs or intoxicating substances (Majam Vigere Madak Vastu). Such things are addictive, injurious to health and deteriorate the mind. You eat it - it eats you! This subject matter is already discussed in Samanya Dharma and so further detail has been omitted here.
Dharmas for Brahmin Celibates and Saints - Verse 198
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_brahmin_celibates_and_saints · Verse 198
दिवास्वापो न कर्तव्यों रोगाद्यापदमन्तरा। ग्राम्यवार्ता न कार्या चन बुद्धिपूर्वकम्॥ १९९॥
Matsya Purana says. 'Those who observe a Vrata should not eat during Sanskaras (rites during a lifetime) and Pretashraadh (obsequial rites).' Therefore a renounced person and widow, who observe the Vrata of Brahmcharya should not dine at such ceremonies even if they have been invited to do so. Sanskaras here should be understood as any of the rites such as birth, death, marriage etc.
Dharmas for Brahmin Celibates and Saints - Verse 199
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_brahmin_celibates_and_saints · Verse 199
स्वप्य॑ न खट्वायां विना रोगादिमापदम्। निच्छदा वर्तितव्यं च साधूनामग्रत सदा॥ २००॥
Bhishma in Mahabharat explains, 'The sinless, who observe Brahmcharya should not sleep during the day due to the sins that can arise from dream-state.' These sins or undesirable qualities of dream state are explained: 'In dream state, one faces defeat at the hands of Rajo Guna and Tamo Guna and having attained a different body he acts undesirably.'
Dharmas for Brahmin Celibates and Saints - Verse 200
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_brahmin_celibates_and_saints · Verse 200
गालिदान॑ ताडन॑ च कुमतिभिजने। क्षन्तव्यमेव सर्वेषां चिन्तनीयं हित॑ च॥ २०१।
Smrutis explain, 'By sleeping upon a bed, one breaks the vow of Brahmcharya.' Therefore as the Vrata of Brahmcharya is foremost for a Sadhu and Brahmchari, they should not indulge in such luxury.
Dharmas for Brahmin Celibates and Saints - Verse 201
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_brahmin_celibates_and_saints · Verse 201
दूतकर्म न कर्तव्य॑ पैशुनं चारकर्म च। च ममता न कार्या स्वजनादिषु॥ २०९२॥
Thus they should never get angry or speak abusively towards such people as to do so would be in direct contradiction to the Sadhus Dharma: Kshamashila Hi Saadhavaha - 'Forgiveness is a Sadhus quality'. To forgive in such circumstances is by no means easy. Lord Shankar explains, 'O Devi! The pain inflicted by the weapons of an enemy are minute compared to the afflictions caused through harsh words directed at oneself.'
Dharmas for Brahmin Celibates and Saints - Verse 202
Shikshapatri · Chapter dharmas_for_brahmin_celibates_and_saints · Verse 202
इति सडक्षेपतो सर्वेघां लिखिता। साम्प्रदायिकग्रन्थेभ्यो ज्ञेय एवां तु विस्तर॥ २०३॥
They should not act as messenger - either literally or verbally to pass on a message for somebody (Duta Karma). Nor shall they backbite by revealing secretive information about a person to others (Paishun). Neither should they act as spy for others (Char Karma). Through such acts, one destroys their truthfulness or guileless (Niskapatparnu) as well as their contentment (Nihaspruhaparnu). Also, the act of Paishun instils cruelty and insensitivity in a person (Nirdeyaparnu).
Conclusion - Verse 203
Shikshapatri · Chapter conclusion · Verse 203
जि सच्छास्त्राणां सारमात्मना पत्रीय॑ लिखिता नृणामभीष्टफलदायिनी॥ ॥
Iti Sankshepto Dharmaha Sarvesham Likhita Maya |
Lord Swaminarayan explains that the Shikshapatri, which is a collection of ordinary and specific duties, is a comprehensive and short study. For a more fuller and complete study, one should refer to the various other Shastras such as the eight Sat-Shastras earlier mentioned. Similarly, there are also other Shastras of the Swaminarayan Sampradai, written and compiled by the Nanda Sants of the time that can also be referred to. Thus only when one collectively studies the scriptures such as Shrimad Bhagwat, Mahabharat, Upanishads, Vedas, Puranas, Vachanamrut, Satsangi Jivan, Bhakta Chintamani, the Kavyas etc. can we begin to fully understand the true meanings of the Shikshapatri. Study of this Shikshapatri Artha Dipika should also be included. The Shikshapatri is a jewel amongst the Shastras. It is one of, if not the only comprehensive study upon Hindu Dharma containing the important duties of men and women of different classes and castes. It is small, portable and easy to understand. This is why it is of credit to its author, Lord Swaminarayan to have created such a work for the benefit of mankind. Although all should strive to know more and thus study other Shastras, study of the Shikshapatri alone will inevitably derive the desired fruits as explained by Lord Swaminarayan next.
Conclusion - Verse 204
Shikshapatri · Chapter conclusion · Verse 204
2 इमामेव नित्यमनुसृत्य है यतात्मभिरवर्तितव्यं न तु स्वैरं कदाचन॥ २०५॥
Satshastraraam Samudrutya Sarvesham Sarmatmana |
Patriyam Likhita Narambhistafaladayini ||204||
Conclusion - Verse 205
Shikshapatri · Chapter conclusion · Verse 205
वर्तिष्यन्ते य हि पुरुषा योषितस्तथा 2 धर्मादिचतुर्वर्गसिरटिदवि प्राप्स्यन्ति निश्चितम्॥ ॥
Imameva Tato Nityamanusrutya Mamashritaiha |
Yatatmabhirvartitvyam Na Tu Svairam Kadachana ||205||
Conclusion - Verse 206
Shikshapatri · Chapter conclusion · Verse 206
नेत्थ॑ य आचरिष्यन्ति त्वस्मत्सम्प्रदायत 5 बहिर्भूता इति स्त्रीपुंसै साम्प्रदायिके॥ २०७॥
Vartishyante Ya Ittham Hi Purusha Yoshitstatha |
Te Dharmadichaturvargasidhvim Prapsyanti Nischitam ||206||
Conclusion - Verse 207
Shikshapatri · Chapter conclusion · Verse 207
अज ०2५०२५२४०2१२५००५०१२५२४०१४५७४७०४
Nettham Ya Acharishyanti Te Tvasmatsampradayat |
Bahirbhuta Iti Gneyam Stripunsaiha Sampradayikaiha ||207||
Conclusion - Verse 208
Shikshapatri · Chapter conclusion · Verse 208
वक्रभावे पूजेव कार्याउस्यां प्रतिवासरम् मदूपमिति मद्वाणी परमादरात्॥ २०९।
Shikshapatrayaha Pratidinam Pathoasya Madupashritaiha |
Kartavyoanaksharagnaistu Shravanam Karyamadarat ||208||
Conclusion - Verse 209
Shikshapatri · Chapter conclusion · Verse 209
5 युक्ताय सम्पदा दैव्या दातव्येय॑ तु पत्रिका आसुर्या सम्पदाढ्याय पुंसे देया न कहिंचित्॥ 2
Vaktrabhave Tu Pujaiva Karyaasyayaha Prativasaram |
Madrupamiti Madvarni Manyeyam Paramadarat ||209||
Conclusion - Verse 210
Shikshapatri · Chapter conclusion · Verse 210
विक्रमार्क शकस्याब्दे नेत्राष्ठवसुभूमिते वसन्ताद्यदिने शिक्षापत्रीयं लिखिता शुभा॥ २११॥
Yuktaya Sampada Daivyaa Datavyeyam Tu Patrika |
Asurya Sampadaadhyaya Punse Deya Na Karahichit ||210||
Conclusion - Verse 211
Shikshapatri · Chapter conclusion · Verse 211
निजाश्रितानां सद्धर्मभक्तेरबन॑ विधाता। दाता सुखानां मनसेप्सितानां 2 तनोतु कृष्णो5डखिलमजूलं
Vikramarkaskasyabde Netrashtavasubhumite |
Vasantadyodine Shikshapatriyam Likhita Shubhu ||211||
Conclusion - Verse 212
Shikshapatri · Chapter conclusion · Verse 212
लि जल न लाल
Nijashritanaam Sakalartihanta Svadharmabhakteravanam Vidhata |
Data Sukhanaam Manasepsitanaam Tanotu Krushno Akhilmangalam Naha ||212||