Chapter 31
अध्यायः 31
Pada II — Anushanga, Chapter 31
Shlokas (127)
+ Add ShlokaNarration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 1
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 1
अत ऊर्द्धं प्रवक्ष्यामि द्वापरस्य विधिं पुनः। तत्र त्रेतायुगे क्षीणे द्वापरं प्रतिपद्यते।।
ata ūrddhaṃ pravakṣyāmi dvāparasya vidhiṃ punaḥ| tatra tretāyuge kṣīṇe dvāparaṃ pratipadyate||
Sūta said:: Henceforth, I shall recount the position of the Dvāpara Age once again. When Tretā Yuga passes by, Dvāpara Sets in.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 2
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 2
द्वापरादौ प्रजानां तु सिद्धिस्त्रेतायुगे तु या। परिवृत्ते युगे तस्मिंस्ततस्ताभिः प्रणश्यति।।
dvāparādau prajānāṃ tu siddhistretāyuge tu yā| parivṛtte yuge tasmiṃstatastābhiḥ praṇaśyati||
Sūta said:: The Siddhi that the subjects had in the Tretā Yuga becomes defunct along with the subjects, when Tretā Yuga elapses at the beginning of Dvāpara.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 3
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 3
ततः प्रवर्त्तते तासां प्रजानां द्वापरे पुनः। संभेदश्चैव वर्णानां कार्याणां च विपर्ययः।।
tataḥ pravarttate tāsāṃ prajānāṃ dvāpare punaḥ| saṃbhedaścaiva varṇānāṃ kāryāṇāṃ ca viparyayaḥ||
Sūta said:: In Dvāpara the mixture and combination of the castes begins to take place among the subjects. All activities are affected adversely (and get inverted).
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 4
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 4
यज्ञावधारणं दण्डो मदो दंभः क्षमा बलम। एषा रजस्तमोयुक्ता प्रवृत्तिर्द्वापरे स्मृता।।
yajñāvadhāraṇaṃ daṇḍo mado daṃbhaḥ kṣamā balam| eṣā rajastamoyuktā pravṛttirdvāpare smṛtā||
Sūta said:: The main activity in Dvāpara is declared as a combination of Rajas and Tamas with all these viz. the emphasis on Yajñas, administration of justice, pride, arrogance, forgiveness and strength.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 5
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 5
आद्ये कृते यो धर्मो ऽस्ति स त्रेतायां प्रवर्त्तते। द्वापरे व्याकुलीभूत्वा प्रणश्यति कलौ युगे।।
ādye kṛte yo dharmo 'sti sa tretāyāṃ pravarttate| dvāpare vyākulībhūtvā praṇaśyati kalau yuge||
Sūta said:: The Dharma that had been in existence in the first Kṛta Yuga continues to function in Tretā Yuga. After becoming agitated and intensely affected in Dvāpara, it becomes extinct in the Kali Yuga.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 6
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 6
वर्णानां विपरिध्वंसः संकीयत तथाश्रमाः। द्वैविध्यं प्रतिपद्येतेयुगे तस्मिञ्छ्रुति स्मृती।।
varṇānāṃ viparidhvaṃsaḥ saṃkīyata tathāśramāḥ| dvaividhyaṃ pratipadyeteyuge tasmiñchruti smṛtī||
Sūta said:: In that Yuga, there is utter destruction of (the classification of) the castes. Similarly, the different stages of life get jumbled and mixed up. The Śruti and Smṛti come to be at variance with each other in that Yuga.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 7
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 7
द्वैधात्तथा श्रुतिस्मृत्योर्निश्चयो नाधिगम्यते। अनिश्चयाधिगमनाद्धर्मतत्त्वं न विद्यते।।
dvaidhāttathā śrutismṛtyorniścayo nādhigamyate| aniścayādhigamanāddharmatattvaṃ na vidyate||
Sūta said:: Owing to the difference between Śruti and Smṛti no definite conclusion can be arrived at. Because of the absence of definiteness, there is no (clear-cut) principle of Dharma.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 8
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 8
धर्मासत्त्वेन मित्राणां मतिभेदो भवेन्नृणाम। परस्परविभिन्नैस्तैदृष्टीनां विभ्रमेण च।।
dharmāsattvena mitrāṇāṃ matibhedo bhavennṛṇām| parasparavibhinnaistaidṛṣṭīnāṃ vibhrameṇa ca||
Sūta said:: Owing to the absence of (a specific) Dharma, there is difference of opinion even among friends. Owing to mutual difference and confusion in the points of view there is no definite conclusion such as “This is Dharma. This is not Dharma.”
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 9
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 9
अयं धर्मो ह्ययं नेति निश्चयो नाधिगम्यते। कारणानां च वैकल्प्यात्कार्याणां चाप्यनिश्चयात।।
ayaṃ dharmo hyayaṃ neti niścayo nādhigamyate| kāraṇānāṃ ca vaikalpyātkāryāṇāṃ cāpyaniścayāt||
Sūta said:: Owing to the absence of (a specific) Dharma, there is difference of opinion even among friends. Owing to mutual difference and confusion in the points of view there is no definite conclusion such as “This is Dharma. This is not Dharma.”
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 10
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 10
मतिभेदेन तेषां वै दृष्टीनां विभ्रमो भवेत। ततो दृष्टिविभन्नैस्तु कृतं शास्त्राकुलं त्विदम।।
matibhedena teṣāṃ vai dṛṣṭīnāṃ vibhramo bhavet| tato dṛṣṭivibhannaistu kṛtaṃ śāstrākulaṃ tvidam||
Sūta said:: Owing to the absence of (a specific) Dharma, there is difference of opinion even among friends. Owing to mutual difference and confusion in the points of view there is no definite conclusion such as “This is Dharma. This is not Dharma.”
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 11
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 11
एको वेदश्चतुष्पाद्धि त्रेतास्विह विधीयते। संक्षयादायुपश्चैव व्यस्यते द्वापरेषु च।।
eko vedaścatuṣpāddhi tretāsviha vidhīyate| saṃkṣayādāyupaścaiva vyasyate dvāpareṣu ca||
Sūta said:: It is laid down that there is only a single unified Veda with four feet (i.e. sections, books) in the Tretā Yuga. In view of the fact that there is reduction in the span of life, the Veda is distinctly classified in the Dvāpara age.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 12
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 12
ऋषिमन्त्रात्पुनर्भेदाद्भिद्यते दृष्टिविभ्रमैः। मन्त्रब्राह्मणविन्यासैः स्वरवर्णविपर्ययैः।।
ṛṣimantrātpunarbhedādbhidyate dṛṣṭivibhramaiḥ| mantrabrāhmaṇavinyāsaiḥ svaravarṇaviparyayaiḥ||
Sūta said:: The Saṃhitā texts of Ṛk, Yajus and Sāman are recited by the great sages differently with changes in the settings (arrangements) of Mantra and Brāhmaṇa portions and alterations in the notes, accents and letters. Changes are brought about due to the changes in the (presiding) sages and Mantras and confusion in the view-points. They are similar in certain places and altered utterly in certain places due to difference in the points of view.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 13
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 13
संहिता ऋग्यजुःसाम्नां संपठ्यन्ते महर्षिभिः। सामान्या वैकृताश्चैव दृष्टिभिन्ने क्वचित्क्वचित।।
saṃhitā ṛgyajuḥsāmnāṃ saṃpaṭhyante maharṣibhiḥ| sāmānyā vaikṛtāścaiva dṛṣṭibhinne kvacitkvacit||
Sūta said:: The Saṃhitā texts of Ṛk, Yajus and Sāman are recited by the great sages differently with changes in the settings (arrangements) of Mantra and Brāhmaṇa portions and alterations in the notes, accents and letters. Changes are brought about due to the changes in the (presiding) sages and Mantras and confusion in the view-points. They are similar in certain places and altered utterly in certain places due to difference in the points of view.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 14
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 14
ब्राह्मणं कल्पसूत्राणि मन्त्रप्रवचनानि च। अन्ये ऽपि प्रस्थितास्तान्वै केचित्तान्प्रत्यवस्थिताः।।
brāhmaṇaṃ kalpasūtrāṇi mantrapravacanāni ca| anye 'pi prasthitāstānvai kecittānpratyavasthitāḥ||
Sūta said:: The Brāhmaṇas, Kalpa-Sūtras and Mantra Pravacanas (different scriptural texts) and other texts as well have a similar plight. Others follow these but some oppose it and stand apart.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 15
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 15
द्वापरेषु प्रवर्त्तन्ते निवर्त्तन्ते कलौ युगे। एकमाध्वर्यवं त्वासीत्पुनर्द्वैधमजायत।।
dvāpareṣu pravarttante nivarttante kalau yuge| ekamādhvaryavaṃ tvāsītpunardvaidhamajāyata||
Sūta said:: They begin to function in Dvāpara Age and recede during the Kali Yuga.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 16
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 16
सामान्यविपरीतार्थैः कृतशास्त्राकुलं त्विदम। आध्वर्यवस्य प्रस्थानैर्बहुधा व्याकुलीकृतैः।।
sāmānyaviparītārthaiḥ kṛtaśāstrākulaṃ tvidam| ādhvaryavasya prasthānairbahudhā vyākulīkṛtaiḥ||
Sūta said:: By means of common and contradictory matters, the whole scriptural text has been confounded.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 17
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 17
तथैवाथर्वऋक्साम्नां विकल्पैश्चापि संज्ञया। व्याकुलेद्वापरे नित्यं क्रियते भिन्न दर्शनैः।।
tathaivātharvaṛksāmnāṃ vikalpaiścāpi saṃjñayā| vyākuledvāpare nityaṃ kriyate bhinna darśanaiḥ||
Sūta said:: By means of common and contradictory matters, the whole scriptural text has been confounded.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 18
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 18
तेषां भेदाः प्रतीभेदा विकल्पाश्चापि संख्याया। द्वापरे संप्रवर्त्तते विनश्यन्ति ततः कलौ।।
teṣāṃ bhedāḥ pratībhedā vikalpāścāpi saṃkhyāyā| dvāpare saṃpravarttate vinaśyanti tataḥ kalau||
Sūta said:: By means of common and contradictory matters, the whole scriptural text has been confounded.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 19
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 19
तेषां विपर्ययोत्पन्ना भवन्ति द्वापरे पुनः। अवृष्टिर्मरणं चैव तथैव व्याध्युपद्रवाः।।
teṣāṃ viparyayotpannā bhavanti dvāpare punaḥ| avṛṣṭirmaraṇaṃ caiva tathaiva vyādhyupadravāḥ||
Sūta said:: Effects of these contrary happenings take place in Dvāpara—effects such as absence of rain, then death and sickness and other calamities.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 20
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 20
वाङ्मनः कर्मर्जेदुःखैर्निर्वेदो जायते पुनः। निर्वेदाज्जायते तेषां दुःखमोक्षविचारणा।।
vāṅmanaḥ karmarjeduḥkhairnirvedo jāyate punaḥ| nirvedājjāyate teṣāṃ duḥkhamokṣavicāraṇā||
Sūta said:: On account of miseries verbal, mental and physical, they have despondency and absence of interest in worldly matters. Due to despondency and dejectedness, they begin to ponder over modes of relief from misery.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 21
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 21
विचारणाच्च वैराग्यं वैराग्याद्दोषदर्शनम। दोषदर्शनतस्चैव द्वापरे ऽज्ञानसंभवः।।
vicāraṇācca vairāgyaṃ vairāgyāddoṣadarśanam| doṣadarśanatascaiva dvāpare 'jñānasaṃbhavaḥ||
Sūta said:: Through the ponderings they attain disinterestedness in worldly affairs and absence of attachment. Through this detachedness they begin to see defects. Through the sight of defects there is the possibility of Ajñāna (ignorance) in Dvāpara.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 22
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 22
तेषाम ज्ञानिनां पूर्वमाद्ये स्वायंभुवे ऽन्तरे। उत्पद्यन्ते हि शास्त्राणां द्वापरे परिपन्थिनः।।
teṣāma jñānināṃ pūrvamādye svāyaṃbhuve 'ntare| utpadyante hi śāstrāṇāṃ dvāpare paripanthinaḥ||
Sūta said:: To those Ajñānins (ignorant persons) in the first Svāyambhuva Manvantara in the Dvāpara Yuga, enemies of the scriptural texts crop up.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 23
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 23
आयुर्वेदविकल्पश्च ह्यगानां ज्योतिषस्य च। अर्थशास्त्रविकल्पाश्च हेतुशास्त्रविकल्पनम।।
āyurvedavikalpaśca hyagānāṃ jyotiṣasya ca| arthaśāstravikalpāśca hetuśāstravikalpanam||
Sūta said:: There are uncertainties and indecisive alternatives in the science of Āyurveda, in the Aṅgas (ancillary subjects), in the Jyotiṣa (Astronomy and Astrology) in the Arthaśāstra (Economics) and in Hetu-Śāstra (Science of dialectics).
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 24
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 24
प्रक्रियाकल्पसूत्राणां भाष्यविद्याविकल्पनम। स्मृतिशास्त्रप्रभेदश्च प्रस्थानानि पृथक्पृथक।।
prakriyākalpasūtrāṇāṃ bhāṣyavidyāvikalpanam| smṛtiśāstraprabhedaśca prasthānāni pṛthakpṛthak||
Sūta said:: There are similar alternatives in the Bhāṣyas (commentaries) and Vidyās (learning) of the Prakriyā Sūtras and Kalpa Sūtras (scriptural texts). There are different Smṛtiśāstras (Law Codes etc.) and there are separate Prasthānas (Schools and Systems). These occur in the Dvāpara Yuga because of the difference of opinion among men.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 25
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 25
द्वापरेष्वभिवर्त्तन्ते मतिभेदाश्रयान्नृणाम। मनसा कर्मणा वाचा कृच्छ्राद्वार्ता प्रसिद्ध्यति।।
dvāpareṣvabhivarttante matibhedāśrayānnṛṇām| manasā karmaṇā vācā kṛcchrādvārtā prasiddhyati||
Sūta said:: There are similar alternatives in the Bhāṣyas (commentaries) and Vidyās (learning) of the Prakriyā Sūtras and Kalpa Sūtras (scriptural texts). There are different Smṛtiśāstras (Law Codes etc.) and there are separate Prasthānas (Schools and Systems). These occur in the Dvāpara Yuga because of the difference of opinion among men.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 26
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 26
द्वापरे सर्वभूतानां कायक्लेशपुरस्कृता। लोभो वृत्तिर्वणिक्पूर्वा तत्त्वानामविनिश्चयः।।
dvāpare sarvabhūtānāṃ kāyakleśapuraskṛtā| lobho vṛttirvaṇikpūrvā tattvānāmaviniścayaḥ||
Sūta said:: There are similar alternatives in the Bhāṣyas (commentaries) and Vidyās (learning) of the Prakriyā Sūtras and Kalpa Sūtras (scriptural texts). There are different Smṛtiśāstras (Law Codes etc.) and there are separate Prasthānas (Schools and Systems). These occur in the Dvāpara Yuga because of the difference of opinion among men.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 27
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 27
वेदशास्त्रप्रणयनं धर्माणां संकरस्तथा। वर्णाश्रमपरिध्वंसः कामक्रोधौ तथैव च।।
vedaśāstrapraṇayanaṃ dharmāṇāṃ saṃkarastathā| varṇāśramaparidhvaṃsaḥ kāmakrodhau tathaiva ca||
Sūta said:: There is the composition of scriptural tracts based on Vedas (but) there is mixing and mingling of Dharmas. The discipline of the classification of castes and stages of life come to nought. Lust and anger flourish in Dvāpara. Passion, greed and murder begin to prevail in Dvāpara. It is in Dvāpara that Vyāsa classifies the Veda into four sections.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 28
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 28
द्वापरेषु प्रवर्त्तन्ते रागो लोभो वधस्तथा। वेदं व्यासश्चतुर्द्धा तु व्यस्यते द्वापरादिषु।।
dvāpareṣu pravarttante rāgo lobho vadhastathā| vedaṃ vyāsaścaturddhā tu vyasyate dvāparādiṣu||
Sūta said:: There is the composition of scriptural tracts based on Vedas (but) there is mixing and mingling of Dharmas. The discipline of the classification of castes and stages of life come to nought. Lust and anger flourish in Dvāpara. Passion, greed and murder begin to prevail in Dvāpara. It is in Dvāpara that Vyāsa classifies the Veda into four sections.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 29
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 29
निःशेषे द्वापरे तस्मिंस्तस्य संध्या तु यादृशी। प्रतिष्ठते गुणैर्हीनो धर्मो ऽसौ द्वापरस्य तु।।
niḥśeṣe dvāpare tasmiṃstasya saṃdhyā tu yādṛśī| pratiṣṭhate guṇairhīno dharmo 'sau dvāparasya tu||
Sūta said:: When Dvāpara comes to a close, its Sandhyā (twilight or transitional period between Dvāpara and Kali Yugas) too functions in the same manner. The characteristic feature of Dvāpara, devoid of good qualities becomes established. In the same manner the Sandhyāṃśa also functions.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 30
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 30
तथैव संध्या पादेन ह्यङ्गः संध्या इतीष्यते। द्वापरस्यावशेषेण तिष्यस्य तु निबोधत।।
tathaiva saṃdhyā pādena hyaṅgaḥ saṃdhyā itīṣyate| dvāparasyāvaśeṣeṇa tiṣyasya tu nibodhata||
Sūta said:: When Dvāpara comes to a close, its Sandhyā (twilight or transitional period between Dvāpara and Kali Yugas) too functions in the same manner. The characteristic feature of Dvāpara, devoid of good qualities becomes established. In the same manner the Sandhyāṃśa also functions.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 31
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 31
द्वापरस्याशसेषण प्रतिपत्तिः कलेरपि। हिंसासूयानृतं माया वधश्चैव तपस्विनाम।।
dvāparasyāśaseṣaṇa pratipattiḥ kalerapi| hiṃsāsūyānṛtaṃ māyā vadhaścaiva tapasvinām||
Sūta said:: The acceptance (of characteristic features etc.) of the Kali age is based on the residue of the Sandhyāṃśa of Dvāpara. Violence, jealousy, untruth, Māyā (deception) and murder of ascetics—these are the characteristic features of Kali age. (Of course) the subjects achieve (certain things) and that is the entire Dharma. Dharma declines. It is doubtful whether agricultural activities flourish despite the activities, mental, eulogistic and physical. There are fatal sicknesses in the Kali age and there is the perpetual headache of hunger and fear.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 32
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 32
एते स्वभावास्तिष्यस्य साधयन्ति च वै प्रजाः। एष धर्मः कृतः कृत्स्नो धर्मश्च परिहीयते।।
ete svabhāvāstiṣyasya sādhayanti ca vai prajāḥ| eṣa dharmaḥ kṛtaḥ kṛtsno dharmaśca parihīyate||
Sūta said:: The acceptance (of characteristic features etc.) of the Kali age is based on the residue of the Sandhyāṃśa of Dvāpara. Violence, jealousy, untruth, Māyā (deception) and murder of ascetics—these are the characteristic features of Kali age. (Of course) the subjects achieve (certain things) and that is the entire Dharma. Dharma declines. It is doubtful whether agricultural activities flourish despite the activities, mental, eulogistic and physical. There are fatal sicknesses in the Kali age and there is the perpetual headache of hunger and fear.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 33
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 33
मनसा कर्मणा स्तुत्या वार्ता सिध्यति वा न वा। कलौ प्रमारकी रोगः सततं क्षुद्भयानि च।।
manasā karmaṇā stutyā vārtā sidhyati vā na vā| kalau pramārakī rogaḥ satataṃ kṣudbhayāni ca||
Sūta said:: The acceptance (of characteristic features etc.) of the Kali age is based on the residue of the Sandhyāṃśa of Dvāpara. Violence, jealousy, untruth, Māyā (deception) and murder of ascetics—these are the characteristic features of Kali age. (Of course) the subjects achieve (certain things) and that is the entire Dharma. Dharma declines. It is doubtful whether agricultural activities flourish despite the activities, mental, eulogistic and physical. There are fatal sicknesses in the Kali age and there is the perpetual headache of hunger and fear.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 34
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 34
अनावृष्टिभयं घोरं देशानां च विपर्ययः। न प्रमाणं स्मृतेरस्ति तिष्ये लोकेषु वै युगे।।
anāvṛṣṭibhayaṃ ghoraṃ deśānāṃ ca viparyayaḥ| na pramāṇaṃ smṛterasti tiṣye lokeṣu vai yuge||
Sūta said:: There is terrible fear of drought. There are calamities in all the countries. In the Kali age, the Smṛti has no authority (i.e. is dot regarded as an authority) over the people.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 35
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 35
गर्भस्थो म्रियते कश्चिद्यौव नस्थस्तथापरः। स्थविराः के ऽपि कौमारे म्रियन्ते वै कलौ प्रजाः।।
garbhastho mriyate kaścidyauva nasthastathāparaḥ| sthavirāḥ ke 'pi kaumāre mriyante vai kalau prajāḥ||
Sūta said:: In the Kali age, the subjects die at various ages. Some one dies even as a child in the womb. Another dies in the prime of youth. Some people die as old men while some people die during their childhood.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 36
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 36
दुरिष्टैर्दुरधीतैश्च दुष्कृतैश्च दुरागमैः। विप्राणां कर्मदोषैस्तैः प्रजानां जायते भयम।।
duriṣṭairduradhītaiśca duṣkṛtaiśca durāgamaiḥ| viprāṇāṃ karmadoṣaistaiḥ prajānāṃ jāyate bhayam||
Sūta said:: There is danger and fear unto the subjects owing to wrongly performed sacrifices, negligent studies (of the Vedas), evil actions, misleading religious texts and the faults in the holy rites performed by the Brāhmaṇas.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 37
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 37
हिंसा माया तथेर्ष्या च क्रोधो ऽसूया क्षमा नृषु। तिष्ये भवन्ति जन्तूनां रागो लोभश्च सर्वशः।।
hiṃsā māyā tatherṣyā ca krodho 'sūyā kṣamā nṛṣu| tiṣye bhavanti jantūnāṃ rāgo lobhaśca sarvaśaḥ||
Sūta said:: Violence, deception, malicious jealousy, anger, envy and intolerance occur in men in the Kali age. There is passion and greediness everywhere in every creature.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 38
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 38
संक्षोभो जायते ऽत्यथै करिमासाद्य वै युगम। पूर्णे वर्षसहस्रे वै परमायुस्तदा नृणाम।।
saṃkṣobho jāyate 'tyathai karimāsādya vai yugam| pūrṇe varṣasahasre vai paramāyustadā nṛṇām||
Sūta said:: After reaching the Kali Yuga a great excitement is aroused At that time, the maximum age is when a thousand years are completed (?)
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 39
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 39
नाधीयते तदा वेदान्न यजं ते द्विजातयः। उत्सीदन्ति नराश्चैव क्षत्रियाश्च विशः क्रमात।।
nādhīyate tadā vedānna yajaṃ te dvijātayaḥ| utsīdanti narāścaiva kṣatriyāśca viśaḥ kramāt||
Sūta said:: The twice-born people neither study the Vedas nor worship by Yajñas. Men are annihilated, the Kṣatriyas and the Vaiśyas in due order.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 40
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 40
शूद्राणामन्त्ययोनेस्तु संबन्धा ब्राह्मणैः सह। भवन्तीह कलौ तस्मिञ्छयनासनभोजनैः।।
śūdrāṇāmantyayonestu saṃbandhā brāhmaṇaiḥ saha| bhavantīha kalau tasmiñchayanāsanabhojanaiḥ||
Sūta said:: At that time, the kings are mainly Śūdras who set in vogue all sorts of heresies. The subjects become devoid of good qualities.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 41
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 41
राजानः शूद्रभूयिष्ठाः पाखण्डानां प्रवर्त्तकाः। गुणहीनाः प्रजाश्चैव तदा वै संप्रवर्त्तते।।
rājānaḥ śūdrabhūyiṣṭhāḥ pākhaṇḍānāṃ pravarttakāḥ| guṇahīnāḥ prajāścaiva tadā vai saṃpravarttate||
Sūta said:: Alliances and associations of the Śūdras and Antyayonis (Lowest-born) with Brāhmaṇas take place in the Kali Yuga, in regard to bed, seats and food-stuffs.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 42
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 42
आयुर्मेधा बलं रूपं कुलं चैव प्रणश्यति। शूद्राश्च ब्राह्मणाचाराः शूद्राचाराश्च ब्राह्मणाः।।
āyurmedhā balaṃ rūpaṃ kulaṃ caiva praṇaśyati| śūdrāśca brāhmaṇācārāḥ śūdrācārāśca brāhmaṇāḥ||
Sūta said:: Span of life, intellect, strength, beauty and prestige of the family dwindle down and become extinct. The Śūdras take to the conduct of life of the Brāhmaṇas and the Brāhmaṇas behave and act like Śūdras.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 43
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 43
राजवृत्ताः स्थिताश्चोरा श्चोराचाराश्च पार्थिवाः। भृत्या एते ह्यसुभृतो युगान्ते समवस्थिते।।
rājavṛttāḥ sthitāścorā ścorācārāśca pārthivāḥ| bhṛtyā ete hyasubhṛto yugānte samavasthite||
Sūta said:: Thieves adopt the customs and conventions of kings, and kings behave and live like thieves. When the close of the Yuga is mminent[?], it is only these servants who survive.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 44
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 44
अशीलिन्यो ऽनृताश्चैव स्त्रियो मद्यामिषप्रियाः। मायाविन्यो भविष्यन्ति युगान्ते मुनिसत्तम।।
aśīlinyo 'nṛtāścaiva striyo madyāmiṣapriyāḥ| māyāvinyo bhaviṣyanti yugānte munisattama||
Sūta said:: At the close of the Yuga, O excellent sage, the women become false and unfaithful. They misbehave. They become addicted to liquor and meat and become deceitful.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 45
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 45
एकपत्न्यो न शिष्यन्ति युगान्ते मुनिसत्तम। श्वापदप्रबलत्वं च गवां चैव ह्युपक्षयः।।
ekapatnyo na śiṣyanti yugānte munisattama| śvāpadaprabalatvaṃ ca gavāṃ caiva hyupakṣayaḥ||
Sūta said:: At the close of the Yuga, O excellent sage, the faithful wives do not survive. Beasts of prey flourish and the cattle decrease.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 46
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 46
साधूनां विनिवृत्तिं च विद्यास्तस्मिन्युगक्षये। तदा धर्मो महोदर्के दुर्लभो दानमूलवान।।
sādhūnāṃ vinivṛttiṃ ca vidyāstasminyugakṣaye| tadā dharmo mahodarke durlabho dānamūlavān||
Sūta said:: Know that at the close of that Yuga, good people turn back and keep aloof. Dharma of great consequence rooted in the pious act of charity, is very rare then.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 47
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 47
चातुराश्रमशैथिल्यो धर्मः प्रविचरिष्यति। तदा ह्यल्पफला भूमिः क्वचिच्चापि महाफला।।
cāturāśramaśaithilyo dharmaḥ pravicariṣyati| tadā hyalpaphalā bhūmiḥ kvaciccāpi mahāphalā||
Sūta said:: Dharma in which there is no strict adherence to the system of four stages of life (but slackness therein) will prevail. In some places the land will yield but very little but in some other places it may be excessively fruitful (fertile).
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 48
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 48
न रक्षितारो बोक्तारो बलिभागस्य पार्थिवाः। युगान्ते च भविष्यन्ति स्वरक्षणपरायणाः।।
na rakṣitāro boktāro balibhāgasya pārthivāḥ| yugānte ca bhaviṣyanti svarakṣaṇaparāyaṇāḥ||
Sūta said:: The kings will not be protectors but the enjoyers of their share in the offerings (taxes etc.). At the close of the Yuga, they will be eagerly devoted to the act of protecting themselves.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 49
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 49
अरक्षितारो राजानो विप्राः शूद्रोपजीविनः। शूद्राभिवादिनः सर्वे युगान्ते द्विजसत्तमाः।।
arakṣitāro rājāno viprāḥ śūdropajīvinaḥ| śūdrābhivādinaḥ sarve yugānte dvijasattamāḥ||
Sūta said:: Kings will cease to be protectors. Brāhmaṇas will be dependent on Śūdras. All excellent twice-born ones will make obeisance to the Śūdras.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 50
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 50
अदृशूला जनपदाः शिवशूला द्विजास्तथा। प्रमदाः केशशूलाश्च युगान्ते समुपस्थिते।।
adṛśūlā janapadāḥ śivaśūlā dvijāstathā| pramadāḥ keśaśūlāśca yugānte samupasthite||
Sūta said:: The common people begin to sell boiled and cooked rice; the Brāhmaṇas begin to sell the Vedas. Young women begin to sell their bodies when the close of the Yuga is imminent.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 51
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 51
तपोयज्ञफलानां च विक्रेतारो द्विजोत्तमाः। यतयश्च भविष्यन्ति बहवो ऽस्मिन्कलौ युगे।।
tapoyajñaphalānāṃ ca vikretāro dvijottamāḥ| yatayaśca bhaviṣyanti bahavo 'sminkalau yuge||
Sūta said:: In this Kali age, even excellent Brāhmaṇas become the sellers of the benefits of their penance and performance of sacrifices. Many people will turn into ascetics.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 52
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 52
चित्रवर्षी यदा देवस्तदा प्राहुर्युगक्षयम। सर्वे वाणिजकाश्चा पि भविष्यन्त्यधमे युगे।।
citravarṣī yadā devastadā prāhuryugakṣayam| sarve vāṇijakāścā pi bhaviṣyantyadhame yuge||
Sūta said:: They say that the close of the Yuga is then, when the lord (Indra) begins to shower mysteriously in diverse ways. In the basest of the Yugas, everyone will become a trader.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 53
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 53
भूयिष्ठं कूटमानैश्च पण्यं विक्रीणते जनाः। कुशीलचर्यापाखण्डैर्व्याधरूपैः समावृतम।।
bhūyiṣṭhaṃ kūṭamānaiśca paṇyaṃ vikrīṇate janāḥ| kuśīlacaryāpākhaṇḍairvyādharūpaiḥ samāvṛtam||
Sūta said:: People will begin to sell merchandise through false weights and measures. The whole society will be surrounded by hunter-like people and heretics of evil habits and conduct of life.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 54
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 54
पुरुषाल्पं बहुस्त्रीकं युगान्ते समुपस्थिते। बाहुयाचनको लोको भविष्यति परस्परम।।
puruṣālpaṃ bahustrīkaṃ yugānte samupasthite| bāhuyācanako loko bhaviṣyati parasparam||
Sūta said:: When the close of the Yuga is imminent, men will be in a minority and there will be majority of women. People will be begging of one another many times.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 55
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 55
अव्याकर्ता क्रूरवाक्या नार्जवो नानसूयकः। न कृते प्रतिकर्त्ता च युगे क्षीणे भविष्यति।।
avyākartā krūravākyā nārjavo nānasūyakaḥ| na kṛte pratikarttā ca yuge kṣīṇe bhaviṣyati||
Sūta said:: When the Yuga wanes away there will not be anyone who helps in return for another’s help. There will not be any one who does not injure and spoil others, whose words are not harsh; who is straight-forward and who is not malicious.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 56
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 56
अशङ्का चैव पतिते युगान्ते तस्य लक्षणम। ततः शून्य वसुमती भविष्यति वसुन्धरा।।
aśaṅkā caiva patite yugānte tasya lakṣaṇam| tataḥ śūnya vasumatī bhaviṣyati vasundharā||
Sūta said:: When the close of the Yuga sets in, its characteristic feature is apprehension of danger etc. Then the earth will be void without wealth.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 57
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 57
गोप्तारश्चाप्यगोप्तारः प्रभविष्यन्ति शासकाः। हर्त्तारः पररत्नानां परदारविमर्शकाः।।
goptāraścāpyagoptāraḥ prabhaviṣyanti śāsakāḥ| harttāraḥ pararatnānāṃ paradāravimarśakāḥ||
Sūta said:: Rulers will not be protectors though they are (expected) to be protectors. They will take away jewels (and valuables) of others and molest their men’s wives.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 58
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 58
कामात्मानो दुरात्मानो ह्यधमाः साहसप्रियाः। प्रनष्टचेष्टना धूर्त्ता मुक्तकेशास्त्त्वशूलिनः।।
kāmātmāno durātmāno hyadhamāḥ sāhasapriyāḥ| pranaṣṭaceṣṭanā dhūrttā muktakeśāsttvaśūlinaḥ||
Sūta said:: People will be lustful in their minds. They will be evil-minded, base and fool-hardy, addicted to criminal and reckless acts. They will be roguish with all good activities destroyed. They will keep their hairs loose and untied. They will not be sympathetic.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 59
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 59
ऊनषोडशवर्षाश्च प्रजा यन्ते युगक्षये। शुक्लदन्ता जिताक्षाश्च मुण्डाः काषायवाससः।।
ūnaṣoḍaśavarṣāśca prajā yante yugakṣaye| śukladantā jitākṣāśca muṇḍāḥ kāṣāyavāsasaḥ||
Sūta said:: At the close of the Yuga, men less than sixteen will be begetting and women less than sixteen will be giving birth to children.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 60
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 60
शूद्रा धर्मं चरिष्यति युगान्ते समुपस्थिते। सस्यचोरा भविष्यन्ति तथा चैलापहारिणः।।
śūdrā dharmaṃ cariṣyati yugānte samupasthite| sasyacorā bhaviṣyanti tathā cailāpahāriṇaḥ||
Sūta said:: At the close of the Yuga, men less than sixteen will be begetting and women less than sixteen will be giving birth to children.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 61
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 61
चोराच्चोराश्च हर्त्तारो हर्तुर्हर्त्ता तथापरः। ज्ञानकर्मम्युपरते लोके निष्क्रियतां गते।।
corāccorāśca harttāro harturharttā tathāparaḥ| jñānakarmamyuparate loke niṣkriyatāṃ gate||
Sūta said:: At the close of the Yuga, men less than sixteen will be begetting and women less than sixteen will be giving birth to children.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 62
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 62
कीटमूषकसर्पाश्च धर्षयिष्यन्ति मानवान। अभीक्ष्णं क्षेममारोग्यं सामर्थ्यं दुर्लभं तथा।।
kīṭamūṣakasarpāśca dharṣayiṣyanti mānavān| abhīkṣṇaṃ kṣemamārogyaṃ sāmarthyaṃ durlabhaṃ tathā||
Sūta said:: At the close of the Yuga, men less than sixteen will be begetting and women less than sixteen will be giving birth to children.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 63
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 63
कौशिकान्प्रतिवत्स्यन्ति देशाः क्षुद्भयपीडिताः। दुःखेनाभिप्लुतानां च परमायुः शतं तदा।।
kauśikānprativatsyanti deśāḥ kṣudbhayapīḍitāḥ| duḥkhenābhiplutānāṃ ca paramāyuḥ śataṃ tadā||
Sūta said:: At the close of the Yuga, men less than sixteen will be begetting and women less than sixteen will be giving birth to children.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 64
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 64
दृश्यन्ते च न दृश्यन्ते वेदा कलियुगे ऽखिलाः। तत्सीदन्ते तथा यज्ञाः केवलाधर्मपीडिताः।।
dṛśyante ca na dṛśyante vedā kaliyuge 'khilāḥ| tatsīdante tathā yajñāḥ kevalādharmapīḍitāḥ||
Sūta said:: In the Kali Yuga, all the Vedas are seen and not seen (i.e. not read and understood clearly). Yajñas afflicted only by sins and evils, become spoiled.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 65
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 65
काषायिणो ऽथ निर्ग्रन्था तथा कापालिकाश्च ह। वेदविक्रयिमश्चन्ये तीर्थविक्रयिणो ऽपरे।।
kāṣāyiṇo 'tha nirgranthā tathā kāpālikāśca ha| vedavikrayimaścanye tīrthavikrayiṇo 'pare||
Sūta said:: After the advent of the Kali age, many types of heretics crop up. They may be Buddhists wearing ochre-coloured robes, Jainas, Kāpālikas and others who sell the Vedas. Still others are those who sell holy centres of pilgrimage.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 66
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 66
वर्णाश्रमाणां ये चान्ये पाखण्डाः परिपन्थिनः। उत्पद्यन्ते तदा ते वै संप्राप्ते तु कलौ युगे।।
varṇāśramāṇāṃ ye cānye pākhaṇḍāḥ paripanthinaḥ| utpadyante tadā te vai saṃprāpte tu kalau yuge||
Sūta said:: There are others who are the enemies of the system and discipline of the castes and stages of life. All these heretics are born when the Kali Age steps in.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 67
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 67
अधीयते तदा वेदाञ्छूद्रा धर्मार्थ कोविदाः। यजन्ते चाश्वमेधेन राजानः शूद्रयोनयः।।
adhīyate tadā vedāñchūdrā dharmārtha kovidāḥ| yajante cāśvamedhena rājānaḥ śūdrayonayaḥ||
Sūta said:: Then Śūdras become experts in interpreting affairs concerning religious activities and they study the Vedas. Kings born of Śūḍras’ wombs begin to worship and perform horse-sacrifice.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 68
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 68
स्त्रीबालगोवधं कृत्वा हत्वान्ये च परस्परम। अपहत्य तथान्योन्यं साधयन्ति तदा प्रजाः।।
strībālagovadhaṃ kṛtvā hatvānye ca parasparam| apahatya tathānyonyaṃ sādhayanti tadā prajāḥ||
Sūta said:: Then the subjects accomplish something either by-killing women, children and cows or by killing one another or by robbing one another.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 69
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 69
दुःखप्रवचनाल्पायुर्देहाल्पायुश्च रोगतः। अधर्माभिनिवेशित्वात्तमोवृत्तं कलौ स्मृतम।।
duḥkhapravacanālpāyurdehālpāyuśca rogataḥ| adharmābhiniveśitvāttamovṛttaṃ kalau smṛtam||
Sūta said:: The conduct and activity in the Kali age is declared as a Tāmasa activity because of too much of affection for sinful deeds. People are short-lived with constant narrations of their own misery. Their bodies are short and lives too are short owing to sickness.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 70
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 70
प्रजासु भ्रूणहत्या च तदा वैरात्प्रवर्त्तते। तस्मादायुर्बलं रूपं कलिं प्राप्य प्रहीयते।।
prajāsu bhrūṇahatyā ca tadā vairātpravarttate| tasmādāyurbalaṃ rūpaṃ kaliṃ prāpya prahīyate||
Sūta said:: At that time the practice of killing children in the womb comes into vogue due to enmity. Hence, span of life, strength and beauty become reduced after the advent of Kali Yuga.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 71
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 71
तदा चाल्पेन कालेन सिद्धिं गच्छन्ति मानवाः। धन्या धर्मं चरिष्यन्ति युगान्ते द्विजसत्तमाः।।
tadā cālpena kālena siddhiṃ gacchanti mānavāḥ| dhanyā dharmaṃ cariṣyanti yugānte dvijasattamāḥ||
Sūta said:: At that time, men attain Siddhi within a short time. Blessed and excellent twice-born ones will practise piety and devotion at the close of the Yuga.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 72
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 72
श्रुतिस्मृत्युदितं धर्मं ये चरन्त्यनसूयकाः। त्रेतायामाब्दिको धर्मो द्वापरे मासिकः स्मृतः।।
śrutismṛtyuditaṃ dharmaṃ ye carantyanasūyakāḥ| tretāyāmābdiko dharmo dvāpare māsikaḥ smṛtaḥ||
Sūta said:: These excellent Brāhmaṇas practise the holy rites laid down in the Śrutis and Smṛtis. They practise without any malice or envy.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 73
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 73
यथाशक्ति चरन्प्राज्ञस्तदह्ना प्राप्नुयात्कलौ। एषा कलियुगावस्था संध्यांशं तु निबोधत।।
yathāśakti caranprājñastadahnā prāpnuyātkalau| eṣā kaliyugāvasthā saṃdhyāṃśaṃ tu nibodhata||
Sūta said:: These excellent Brāhmaṇas practise the holy rites laid down in the Śrutis and Smṛtis. They practise without any malice or envy.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 74
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 74
युगेयुगे तु हीयन्ते त्रित्रिपादास्तु सिद्धयः। युगस्वभावात्संध्यासु तिष्ठन्तीह तु यादृशः।।
yugeyuge tu hīyante tritripādāstu siddhayaḥ| yugasvabhāvātsaṃdhyāsu tiṣṭhantīha tu yādṛśaḥ||
Sūta said:: Siddhis prevalent during the Sandhyās of Yugas become reduced to three-fourths in the following Yugas Siddhis prevalent, in the Yugas become reduced to three-fourths in the following Sandhyās. The characteristics of the Sandhyās become stabilised in the Sandhyāṃśas after being reduced to three-fourths.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 75
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 75
संध्यास्वभावाः स्वांशेषु पादशेषाः प्रतिष्ठिताः। एवं संध्यांशके काले संप्राप्ते तु युगान्तिके।।
saṃdhyāsvabhāvāḥ svāṃśeṣu pādaśeṣāḥ pratiṣṭhitāḥ| evaṃ saṃdhyāṃśake kāle saṃprāpte tu yugāntike||
Sūta said:: Siddhis prevalent during the Sandhyās of Yugas become reduced to three-fourths in the following Yugas Siddhis prevalent, in the Yugas become reduced to three-fourths in the following Sandhyās. The characteristics of the Sandhyās become stabilised in the Sandhyāṃśas after being reduced to three-fourths.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 76
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 76
तेषां शास्ता ह्यसाधूनां भृगूणां निधनोत्थितः। गोत्रेण वै चन्द्र मसो नाम्ना प्रमतिरुच्यते।।
teṣāṃ śāstā hyasādhūnāṃ bhṛgūṇāṃ nidhanotthitaḥ| gotreṇa vai candra maso nāmnā pramatirucyate||
Sūta said:: Siddhis prevalent during the Sandhyās of Yugas become reduced to three-fourths in the following Yugas Siddhis prevalent, in the Yugas become reduced to three-fourths in the following Sandhyās. The characteristics of the Sandhyās become stabilised in the Sandhyāṃśas after being reduced to three-fourths.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 77
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 77
माधवस्य तु सोंऽशेन पूर्वं स्वायंभुवे ऽन्तरे। समाः सविंशतिः पूर्णाः पर्यटन्वै वसुंधराम।।
mādhavasya tu soṃ'śena pūrvaṃ svāyaṃbhuve 'ntare| samāḥ saviṃśatiḥ pūrṇāḥ paryaṭanvai vasuṃdharām||
Sūta said:: In the previous Svāyambhuva Manvantara, he had been born of a part of Mādhava (Viṣṇu).
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 78
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 78
अनुकर्षन्स वै सेनां सवाजिरथकुञ्जराम। प्रगृहीतायुधैर्विप्रैः शतशो ऽथ सहस्रशः।।
anukarṣansa vai senāṃ savājirathakuñjarām| pragṛhītāyudhairvipraiḥ śataśo 'tha sahasraśaḥ||
Sūta said:: In the previous Svāyambhuva Manvantara, he had been born of a part of Mādhava (Viṣṇu).
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 79
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 79
स तदा तैः परिवृतो म्लेच्छान्हन्ति स्मसर्वशः। सह वा सर्वशश्चैव राज्ञस्ताञ्छूद्रयोनिजान।।
sa tadā taiḥ parivṛto mlecchānhanti smasarvaśaḥ| saha vā sarvaśaścaiva rājñastāñchūdrayonijān||
Sūta said:: In the previous Svāyambhuva Manvantara, he had been born of a part of Mādhava (Viṣṇu).
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 80
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 80
पारवण्डास्तु ततः सर्वान निः शेषं कृतवान्विभुः। नात्यर्थ धार्मिका ये च तान्सर्वान्हन्ति सर्वशः।।
pāravaṇḍāstu tataḥ sarvān niḥ śeṣaṃ kṛtavānvibhuḥ| nātyartha dhārmikā ye ca tānsarvānhanti sarvaśaḥ||
Sūta said:: In the previous Svāyambhuva Manvantara, he had been born of a part of Mādhava (Viṣṇu).
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 81
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 81
वर्णव्यत्यासजाताश्च ये च ताननुजीविनः। उदीच्यान्मध्यदेश्यांश्च पवतीयांस्तथैव च।।
varṇavyatyāsajātāśca ye ca tānanujīvinaḥ| udīcyānmadhyadeśyāṃśca pavatīyāṃstathaiva ca||
Sūta said:: The lord who was strong and who annihilated all the Mlecchas slew these also—People who were born of parents of different castes, those who depended on them, the Udīcyas (Northerners), Madhya Deśyas (Persons of middle lands), Parvatīyas (Mountain-dwellers), Prācyas (Easterners), Pratīcyas (Westerners), those who walk about on the ridges of the Vindhya mountains, Dākṣiṇātyas (Southerners), Draviḍas along with Siṃhalas (Ceylonese), Gāndhāras, Pāradas, Pahlavas, Yavanas, Śakas, Tuṣāras, Barbaras, Cīnas (Chinese), Śūlikas, Daradas, Khaśas, Lampākāras, Katakas and different tribes of Kirātas. The powerful lord wielding the discus slew all these barbarous people.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 82
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 82
प्राच्यान्प्रतीच्यांश्च तथा विन्ध्यपृष्ठचरानपि। तथैव दाक्षिणात्यांश्च द्रविडान्सिंहलैः सह।।
prācyānpratīcyāṃśca tathā vindhyapṛṣṭhacarānapi| tathaiva dākṣiṇātyāṃśca draviḍānsiṃhalaiḥ saha||
Sūta said:: The lord who was strong and who annihilated all the Mlecchas slew these also—People who were born of parents of different castes, those who depended on them, the Udīcyas (Northerners), Madhya Deśyas (Persons of middle lands), Parvatīyas (Mountain-dwellers), Prācyas (Easterners), Pratīcyas (Westerners), those who walk about on the ridges of the Vindhya mountains, Dākṣiṇātyas (Southerners), Draviḍas along with Siṃhalas (Ceylonese), Gāndhāras, Pāradas, Pahlavas, Yavanas, Śakas, Tuṣāras, Barbaras, Cīnas (Chinese), Śūlikas, Daradas, Khaśas, Lampākāras, Katakas and different tribes of Kirātas. The powerful lord wielding the discus slew all these barbarous people.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 83
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 83
गान्धारान्पारदांश्चैव पह्लवान्यव नाञ्शकान। तुषारान्बर्बरांश्चीनाञ्छूलिकान्दरदान खशान।।
gāndhārānpāradāṃścaiva pahlavānyava nāñśakān| tuṣārānbarbarāṃścīnāñchūlikāndaradān khaśān||
Sūta said:: The lord who was strong and who annihilated all the Mlecchas slew these also—People who were born of parents of different castes, those who depended on them, the Udīcyas (Northerners), Madhya Deśyas (Persons of middle lands), Parvatīyas (Mountain-dwellers), Prācyas (Easterners), Pratīcyas (Westerners), those who walk about on the ridges of the Vindhya mountains, Dākṣiṇātyas (Southerners), Draviḍas along with Siṃhalas (Ceylonese), Gāndhāras, Pāradas, Pahlavas, Yavanas, Śakas, Tuṣāras, Barbaras, Cīnas (Chinese), Śūlikas, Daradas, Khaśas, Lampākāras, Katakas and different tribes of Kirātas. The powerful lord wielding the discus slew all these barbarous people.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 84
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 84
लंपाकारान्सकतकान्किरातानां च जातयः। प्रवृत्तचक्रो बलवान्म्लेच्छानामन्तकृत्प्रभुः।।
laṃpākārānsakatakānkirātānāṃ ca jātayaḥ| pravṛttacakro balavānmlecchānāmantakṛtprabhuḥ||
Sūta said:: The lord who was strong and who annihilated all the Mlecchas slew these also—People who were born of parents of different castes, those who depended on them, the Udīcyas (Northerners), Madhya Deśyas (Persons of middle lands), Parvatīyas (Mountain-dwellers), Prācyas (Easterners), Pratīcyas (Westerners), those who walk about on the ridges of the Vindhya mountains, Dākṣiṇātyas (Southerners), Draviḍas along with Siṃhalas (Ceylonese), Gāndhāras, Pāradas, Pahlavas, Yavanas, Śakas, Tuṣāras, Barbaras, Cīnas (Chinese), Śūlikas, Daradas, Khaśas, Lampākāras, Katakas and different tribes of Kirātas. The powerful lord wielding the discus slew all these barbarous people.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 85
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 85
अदृष्टः सर्वभूतानां चचाराथ वसुन्धराम। माधवस्य तु सोंऽशेन देवस्येह विजज्ञिवान।।
adṛṣṭaḥ sarvabhūtānāṃ cacārātha vasundharām| mādhavasya tu soṃ'śena devasyeha vijajñivān||
Sūta said:: Invisible to all the living beings, he wandered over the whole earth. The lord was born of a part of lord Mādhava. In the former birth he was very valorous and he was well known by the name of Pramati. In the first Kali Yuga, he was born in the Gotra of the moon.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 86
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 86
पूर्वजन्मनि विख्यातः प्रमतिर्न्नाम वीर्यवान। गोत्रतो वै चन्द्रमसः पूर्वे कलियुगे प्रभुः।।
pūrvajanmani vikhyātaḥ pramatirnnāma vīryavān| gotrato vai candramasaḥ pūrve kaliyuge prabhuḥ||
Sūta said:: Invisible to all the living beings, he wandered over the whole earth. The lord was born of a part of lord Mādhava. In the former birth he was very valorous and he was well known by the name of Pramati. In the first Kali Yuga, he was born in the Gotra of the moon.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 87
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 87
द्वात्रिंशे ऽभ्युदिते वर्षे प्रक्रान्तो विंशतीः समाः। विनिघ्नन्सर्वभूतानि मानवानेव सर्वशः।।
dvātriṃśe 'bhyudite varṣe prakrānto viṃśatīḥ samāḥ| vinighnansarvabhūtāni mānavāneva sarvaśaḥ||
Sūta said:: He began (the victorious march) when he was aged thirty-two. For twenty years he continued to slay men and all other living beings everywhere.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 88
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 88
कृत्वा बीजावशेषं तु पृथ्व्यां कूरेण कर्मणा। परस्पर निमित्तेन कोपेनाकस्मिकेन तु।।
kṛtvā bījāvaśeṣaṃ tu pṛthvyāṃ kūreṇa karmaṇā| paraspara nimittena kopenākasmikena tu||
Sūta said:: Annihilating every thing by his ruthless activity, he made only seeds to remain on the earth. He managed to subdue the Vṛṣalas who were generally sinful, by making them angry with one another on sudden provocations. Thereafter, in the region between the Gaṅgā and the Yamunā, he established his camp of rest along with his followers.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 89
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 89
सुसाधयित्वा वृषलान्प्रायशस्तानधर्मिकान। गङ्गायमुनयोर्मध्ये निष्ठां प्राप्तः सहानुगः।।
susādhayitvā vṛṣalānprāyaśastānadharmikān| gaṅgāyamunayormadhye niṣṭhāṃ prāptaḥ sahānugaḥ||
Sūta said:: Annihilating every thing by his ruthless activity, he made only seeds to remain on the earth. He managed to subdue the Vṛṣalas who were generally sinful, by making them angry with one another on sudden provocations. Thereafter, in the region between the Gaṅgā and the Yamunā, he established his camp of rest along with his followers.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 90
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 90
ततो व्यतीते कल्पे तु सामान्ये सहसैनिकः। उत्साद्य पार्थिवान्सर्वान्मलेच्छांश्चैव सहस्रशः।।
tato vyatīte kalpe tu sāmānye sahasainikaḥ| utsādya pārthivānsarvānmalecchāṃścaiva sahasraśaḥ||
Sūta said:: Thereafter, when the Kalpa elapsed, he went back to his eternal abode along with his army after exterminating Mleccha kings by thousands.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 91
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 91
तत्र संध्यांशके काले संप्राप्ते तु युगान्तके। स्थितास्वल्पावशिष्टासु प्रजास्विह क्वचित्क्वचित।।
tatra saṃdhyāṃśake kāle saṃprāpte tu yugāntake| sthitāsvalpāvaśiṣṭāsu prajāsviha kvacitkvacit||
Sūta said:: When the period of Sanḍhyāṃśa arrived towards the end of the Yuga, only a few subjects remained here and there. They were unfortunate fellows with planets adverse to them. Many of them were greedy and they collectively struck and injured one another.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 92
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 92
अपग्रहास्ततस्ता वै लोभाविष्टास्तु वृन्दशः। उपहिसंति चान्योन्यं पोथयन्तः परस्परम।।
apagrahāstatastā vai lobhāviṣṭāstu vṛndaśaḥ| upahisaṃti cānyonyaṃ pothayantaḥ parasparam||
Sūta said:: When the period of Sanḍhyāṃśa arrived towards the end of the Yuga, only a few subjects remained here and there. They were unfortunate fellows with planets adverse to them. Many of them were greedy and they collectively struck and injured one another.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 93
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 93
अराजके युगवशात्संक्षये समुपस्थिते। प्रजास्ता वै ततः सर्वाः परस्परभयार्द्दिताः।।
arājake yugavaśātsaṃkṣaye samupasthite| prajāstā vai tataḥ sarvāḥ parasparabhayārdditāḥ||
Sūta said:: There. was anarchy. When the close of the Yuga was imminent, the subjects were afflicted by mutual fear.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 94
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 94
व्याकुलाश्च परिभ्रान्तास्त्यक्त्वा दारान्गृहाणि च। स्वान्प्रणाननपेक्षन्तो निष्कारणसुदुःखिताः।।
vyākulāśca paribhrāntāstyaktvā dārāngṛhāṇi ca| svānpraṇānanapekṣanto niṣkāraṇasuduḥkhitāḥ||
Sūta said:: They were agitated and bewildered. They left their houses, wives and relatives. They never cared for their lives.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 95
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 95
नष्टे श्रौते स्मृतौ धर्मे परस्परहतास्तदा। निर्मर्यादा निराक्रन्दा निःस्नेहा निरपत्रपाः।।
naṣṭe śraute smṛtau dharme parasparahatāstadā| nirmaryādā nirākrandā niḥsnehā nirapatrapāḥ||
Sūta said:: When the Dharma based on Śruti and Smṛti became extinct, the people killed one another, devoid of bounds of decency, affection, shame and friends and allies.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 96
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 96
नष्टे धर्मे प्रतिहता ह्रस्वकाः पञ्चविंशतिम। हित्वा पुत्रांश्च दारांश्च विषादव्याकुलेद्रियाः।।
naṣṭe dharme pratihatā hrasvakāḥ pañcaviṃśatim| hitvā putrāṃśca dārāṃśca viṣādavyākuledriyāḥ||
Sūta said:: When virtue ceased to exist, the people were afflicted and they were reduced to a size of twenty-five (as against 52 Aṅgulas in height). Agitated and distressed they found their sense-organs out of gear. They had to forsake their children and wives (and run away).
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 97
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 97
अनावृष्टिहताश्चैव वार्त्तामुत्सृज्य दुःखिताः। प्रत्यन्तांस्ता निषेवन्ते हित्वा जनपदान्स्वकान।।
anāvṛṣṭihatāścaiva vārttāmutsṛjya duḥkhitāḥ| pratyantāṃstā niṣevante hitvā janapadānsvakān||
Sūta said:: People oppressed by drought had to abandon their agricultural activities. They were miserable. Leaving their own native lands they began to stay in the bordering districts.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 98
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 98
सरितः सागरानूपान्सेवन्ते पर्वतांस्तथा। मांसैर्मूलफलैश्चैव वर्तयन्तः सुदुःखिताः।।
saritaḥ sāgarānūpānsevante parvatāṃstathā| māṃsairmūlaphalaiścaiva vartayantaḥ suduḥkhitāḥ||
Sūta said:: They were compelled to resort to rivers, marshy places, near the seas and mountainous regions. Extremely miserable, they sustained themselves by means of meat, roots and fruits.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 99
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 99
चीरपत्राचिनधरा निष्क्रिया निष्परिग्रहाः। वर्णाश्रमपरिभ्रष्टाः संकरं घोरमास्थिताः। एतां काष्ठामनुप्राप्ता अल्पशेषाः प्रजास्ततः।।
cīrapatrācinadharā niṣkriyā niṣparigrahāḥ| varṇāśramaparibhraṣṭāḥ saṃkaraṃ ghoramāsthitāḥ| etāṃ kāṣṭhāmanuprāptā alpaśeṣāḥ prajāstataḥ||
Sūta said:: They used to wear leaves, bark-garments or hides of antelopes. They observed no holy rites. They had abandoned their families. They had fallen off from the systematic discipline of the castes and stages of life. They had been adopting the terrible practice of Saṅkara (mixing of castes by means of indiscriminate inter marriage etc.). They had reached such a plight. Only a very few such people survived.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 100
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 100
जराव्याधिक्षुधा विष्टा दुःखान्निर्वेदमागमन। विचारणा तु निर्वेदात्साम्यावस्था विचारणात।।
jarāvyādhikṣudhā viṣṭā duḥkhānnirvedamāgaman| vicāraṇā tu nirvedātsāmyāvasthā vicāraṇāt||
Sūta said:: They were oppressed with old age, sickness and hunger. Owing to misery, they reached a stage of abject dejectedness. From this dejected state, they reached the state of pondering over the same. Pondering took them to a state of equanimity.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 101
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 101
साम्यावस्थात्मको बोधः संबोधाद्धर्मशीलता। तासूपशमयुक्तासु कलिशिष्टासु वै स्वयम।।
sāmyāvasthātmako bodhaḥ saṃbodhāddharmaśīlatā| tāsūpaśamayuktāsu kaliśiṣṭāsu vai svayam||
Sūta said:: Through the state of equanimity, they had the realisation of the Ātman. Through this knowledge, they acquired piety and devotion. Thus those who survived the last stage of the Kali age, acquired tranquility and control of sense.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 102
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 102
अहोरात्रं तदा तासां युगान्ते परिवर्त्तिनि। चित्तसंमोहनं कृत्वा तासां वै सुप्तमत्तवत।।
ahorātraṃ tadā tāsāṃ yugānte parivarttini| cittasaṃmohanaṃ kṛtvā tāsāṃ vai suptamattavat||
Sūta said:: When the close of the Yuga was undergoing transformation, they became quiescent as though they were asleep or inebriated day and night after making the mind enchanted (and insensible).
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 103
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 103
भाविनोरऽथस्य च बलात्ततः कृतमवर्त्तत। प्रवृत्ते तु ततस्तस्मिन्पूते कृतयुगे तु वै।।
bhāvinor'thasya ca balāttataḥ kṛtamavarttata| pravṛtte tu tatastasminpūte kṛtayuge tu vai||
Sūta said:: Owing to the power of the inevitable future, the Kṛta Yuga set in. When the holy Kṛta Yuga began to function, the subjects pertaining to the Kṛta Yuga were born of those who survived from the Kali Yuga. Those Siddhas who remained then, began to move about invisibly. They established themselves there along with the seven sages. The Brāhmaṇas, the Kṣatriyas, the Vaiśyas and the Śūdras were those, who were remembered as seeds. (They were intended to be the nucleus for the succeeding generation). At that time they became identical with those who were born in (the closing stages of) Kali. They were devoid of any difference. The seven sages recounted Dharma to them as well as to others.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 104
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 104
उत्पन्नाः कलिशिष्टासु प्रजाः कार्तयुगास्तदा। तिष्ठन्ति चेह ये सिद्धा अदृष्टा विचरन्ति च।।
utpannāḥ kaliśiṣṭāsu prajāḥ kārtayugāstadā| tiṣṭhanti ceha ye siddhā adṛṣṭā vicaranti ca||
Sūta said:: Owing to the power of the inevitable future, the Kṛta Yuga set in. When the holy Kṛta Yuga began to function, the subjects pertaining to the Kṛta Yuga were born of those who survived from the Kali Yuga. Those Siddhas who remained then, began to move about invisibly. They established themselves there along with the seven sages. The Brāhmaṇas, the Kṣatriyas, the Vaiśyas and the Śūdras were those, who were remembered as seeds. (They were intended to be the nucleus for the succeeding generation). At that time they became identical with those who were born in (the closing stages of) Kali. They were devoid of any difference. The seven sages recounted Dharma to them as well as to others.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 105
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 105
सह सप्तर्षिभिश्चैव तत्र ते च व्यवस्थिताः। ब्रह्मक्षत्रविशः शूद्रा बीजार्थं ये स्मृता इह।।
saha saptarṣibhiścaiva tatra te ca vyavasthitāḥ| brahmakṣatraviśaḥ śūdrā bījārthaṃ ye smṛtā iha||
Sūta said:: Owing to the power of the inevitable future, the Kṛta Yuga set in. When the holy Kṛta Yuga began to function, the subjects pertaining to the Kṛta Yuga were born of those who survived from the Kali Yuga. Those Siddhas who remained then, began to move about invisibly. They established themselves there along with the seven sages. The Brāhmaṇas, the Kṣatriyas, the Vaiśyas and the Śūdras were those, who were remembered as seeds. (They were intended to be the nucleus for the succeeding generation). At that time they became identical with those who were born in (the closing stages of) Kali. They were devoid of any difference. The seven sages recounted Dharma to them as well as to others.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 106
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 106
कलिजैः सह ते संति निर्विशेषास्तदाभवन। तेषां सप्तर्षयो धर्मं कथयन्तीतरेषु च।।
kalijaiḥ saha te saṃti nirviśeṣāstadābhavan| teṣāṃ saptarṣayo dharmaṃ kathayantītareṣu ca||
Sūta said:: Owing to the power of the inevitable future, the Kṛta Yuga set in. When the holy Kṛta Yuga began to function, the subjects pertaining to the Kṛta Yuga were born of those who survived from the Kali Yuga. Those Siddhas who remained then, began to move about invisibly. They established themselves there along with the seven sages. The Brāhmaṇas, the Kṣatriyas, the Vaiśyas and the Śūdras were those, who were remembered as seeds. (They were intended to be the nucleus for the succeeding generation). At that time they became identical with those who were born in (the closing stages of) Kali. They were devoid of any difference. The seven sages recounted Dharma to them as well as to others.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 107
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 107
वर्णाश्रमाचारयुक्तः श्रौतः स्मार्त्तो द्विधा तु सः। ततस्तेषु क्रियावत्सु वर्तन्ते वै प्रजाः कृते।।
varṇāśramācārayuktaḥ śrautaḥ smārtto dvidhā tu saḥ| tatasteṣu kriyāvatsu vartante vai prajāḥ kṛte||
Sūta said:: That (Dharma) is equipped with the conduct of life of the different castes and stages. It is of two types: Śrauta (as laid down in the Vedas) and the Smārta (as laid down in the Smṛtis). The object in the Kṛta age remained thus as persons with holy rites.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 108
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 108
श्रौतस्मार्त्ते कृतानां च धर्मे सप्तर्षिदर्शिते। केचिद्धर्मव्यवस्थार्थं तिष्ठन्तीहायुगक्षयात।।
śrautasmārtte kṛtānāṃ ca dharme saptarṣidarśite| keciddharmavyavasthārthaṃ tiṣṭhantīhāyugakṣayāt||
Sūta said:: When the Dharmas of Śrauta and Smārta varieties had been pointed out to the people of Kṛta Yuga, some of them remained till the close of the Yuga for the sake of establishing Dharma.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 109
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 109
मन्वन्तराधिकारेषु तिष्ठन्ति मुनयस्तु वै। यथा दावप्रदग्धेषु तृणेष्विह तपेन तु।।
manvantarādhikāreṣu tiṣṭhanti munayastu vai| yathā dāvapradagdheṣu tṛṇeṣviha tapena tu||
Sūta said:: The sages remain in authority over the whole of the Manvantara. The grasses of the forests are burned by the forest fires but their roots are unaffected. Just as fresh shoots of grass grow from these roots so also the people of Kṛta Yuga grow from the people of the Kali age.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 110
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 110
वनानां प्रथमं वृष्ट्या तेषां मूलेषु संभवः। तथा कार्तयुगानां तु कलिजष्विह संभवः।।
vanānāṃ prathamaṃ vṛṣṭyā teṣāṃ mūleṣu saṃbhavaḥ| tathā kārtayugānāṃ tu kalijaṣviha saṃbhavaḥ||
Sūta said:: The sages remain in authority over the whole of the Manvantara. The grasses of the forests are burned by the forest fires but their roots are unaffected. Just as fresh shoots of grass grow from these roots so also the people of Kṛta Yuga grow from the people of the Kali age.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 111
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 111
एवं युगो युगस्येह संतानस्तु परस्परम। वर्त्तते ह्यव्यवच्छेदाद्यावन्मन्वन्तरक्षयः।।
evaṃ yugo yugasyeha saṃtānastu parasparam| varttate hyavyavacchedādyāvanmanvantarakṣayaḥ||
Sūta said:: Thus there is an uninterrupted series of Yugas, with the connection of a Yuga with another unbroken, till Manvantara comes to a close.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 112
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 112
सुखमायुर्बलं रूपन्धर्मोरऽथः काम एव च। युगेष्वेतानि हीयन्ते त्रित्रिपादाः क्रमेण च।।
sukhamāyurbalaṃ rūpandharmor'thaḥ kāma eva ca| yugeṣvetāni hīyante tritripādāḥ krameṇa ca||
Sūta said:: Happiness, span of life, strength, beauty, virtue, wealth and love—these are reduced to three-fourths in each of the succeeding Yugas.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 113
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 113
ससंध्याशेषु हीयन्ते युगानान्धर्मसिद्धयः। इत्येष प्रतिसंधिर्यः कीर्त्तितस्तु मया द्विजाः।।
sasaṃdhyāśeṣu hīyante yugānāndharmasiddhayaḥ| ityeṣa pratisaṃdhiryaḥ kīrttitastu mayā dvijāḥ||
Sūta said:: The achievement of piety of the Yugas becomes reduced in the Sandhyāṃśas. Thus is the Pratisandhi (transition between the two Yugas) that had been mentioned by me (before), O Brāhmaṇas.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 114
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 114
चतुर्युगानां सर्वेषामेतेनैव प्रसाधनम। एषा चतुर्युगावृत्तिरासहस्रद्गुणीकृता।।
caturyugānāṃ sarveṣāmetenaiva prasādhanam| eṣā caturyugāvṛttirāsahasradguṇīkṛtā||
Sūta said:: By means of this alone should all the sets of four Yugas be reckoned.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 115
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 115
ब्रह्मणस्तदहः प्रोक्तं रात्रिश्चैतावती स्मृता। अत्रार्जवं जडीभावो भूतानामायुगक्षयात।।
brahmaṇastadahaḥ proktaṃ rātriścaitāvatī smṛtā| atrārjavaṃ jaḍībhāvo bhūtānāmāyugakṣayāt||
Sūta said:: By means of this alone should all the sets of four Yugas be reckoned.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 116
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 116
एतदेव तु सर्वेषां युगानां लक्षणं स्मृतम। एषा चतुर्युगानां च गुणिता ह्येकसप्ततिः।।
etadeva tu sarveṣāṃ yugānāṃ lakṣaṇaṃ smṛtam| eṣā caturyugānāṃ ca guṇitā hyekasaptatiḥ||
Sūta said:: By means of this alone should all the sets of four Yugas be reckoned.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 117
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 117
क्रमेण परिवृत्ता तुमनोरन्तरमुच्यते। चतुर्युगे यथैकस्मिन्भवतीह यथा तु यत।।
krameṇa parivṛttā tumanorantaramucyate| caturyuge yathaikasminbhavatīha yathā tu yat||
Sūta said:: By means of this alone should all the sets of four Yugas be reckoned.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 118
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 118
तथा चान्येषु भवति पुनस्तद्वद्यथाक्रमम। सर्गे सर्गे तथा भेदा उत्पद्यन्ते तथैव तु।।
tathā cānyeṣu bhavati punastadvadyathākramam| sarge sarge tathā bhedā utpadyante tathaiva tu||
Sūta said:: By means of this alone should all the sets of four Yugas be reckoned.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 119
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 119
पञ्चत्रिंशत्परिमिता न न्यूना नाधिकाः स्मृताः। तथा कल्पा युगैः मार्द्धं भवन्ति सह लक्षणैः। मन्वन्तराणां सर्वेषामेतदेव तु लक्षणम।।
pañcatriṃśatparimitā na nyūnā nādhikāḥ smṛtāḥ| tathā kalpā yugaiḥ mārddhaṃ bhavanti saha lakṣaṇaiḥ| manvantarāṇāṃ sarveṣāmetadeva tu lakṣaṇam||
Sūta said:: By means of this alone should all the sets of four Yugas be reckoned.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 120
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 120
यथा युगानां परिवर्त्तनानि चिरप्रवृत्तानि युगस्वभावात। तथा न संतिष्ठति जीवलोकः क्षयोदयाभ्यां परिवर्त्तमानः।।
yathā yugānāṃ parivarttanāni cirapravṛttāni yugasvabhāvāt| tathā na saṃtiṣṭhati jīvalokaḥ kṣayodayābhyāṃ parivarttamānaḥ||
Sūta said:: Just as the repetitions of the Yugas had come into vogue since a long time owing to the intrinsic nature of the Yuga, so also the living world (world of living beings) being transformed through decrease and increase does not remain (the same permanently).
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 121
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 121
इत्येत ल्लक्षणं प्रोक्तं युगानां वै समासतः।।
ityeta llakṣaṇaṃ proktaṃ yugānāṃ vai samāsataḥ||
Sūta said:: Thus the characteristics of all the Yugas, past and future in all the Manvantaras have been mentioned succinctly. Know that, by means of the (discription of) a Manvantara, all the other Manvantaras have been explained and also one Kalpa is described by means of (the description of) another. Similarly in the future ones, inference should be carried out by one who knows. In all the Manvantaras past and future, all the beings are of equal identifications in regard to names and forms.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 122
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 122
अतीतानागतानां हि सर्वमन्वन्तरोष्विह। मन्वन्तरेण चैकेन सर्वाण्येवान्तराणि वै।।
atītānāgatānāṃ hi sarvamanvantaroṣviha| manvantareṇa caikena sarvāṇyevāntarāṇi vai||
Sūta said:: Thus the characteristics of all the Yugas, past and future in all the Manvantaras have been mentioned succinctly. Know that, by means of the (discription of) a Manvantara, all the other Manvantaras have been explained and also one Kalpa is described by means of (the description of) another. Similarly in the future ones, inference should be carried out by one who knows. In all the Manvantaras past and future, all the beings are of equal identifications in regard to names and forms.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 123
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 123
ख्यातानीह विजानीध्वं कल्पं कल्पेन चैव ह। अनागतेषु तद्वच्च तर्कः कार्यो विजानता।।
khyātānīha vijānīdhvaṃ kalpaṃ kalpena caiva ha| anāgateṣu tadvacca tarkaḥ kāryo vijānatā||
Sūta said:: Thus the characteristics of all the Yugas, past and future in all the Manvantaras have been mentioned succinctly. Know that, by means of the (discription of) a Manvantara, all the other Manvantaras have been explained and also one Kalpa is described by means of (the description of) another. Similarly in the future ones, inference should be carried out by one who knows. In all the Manvantaras past and future, all the beings are of equal identifications in regard to names and forms.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 124
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 124
मन्वन्तरेषु सर्वेषु अतीतानागतेष्विह। तुल्याभिमानिनः सर्वे नामरूपैर्भवन्त्युत।।
manvantareṣu sarveṣu atītānāgateṣviha| tulyābhimāninaḥ sarve nāmarūpairbhavantyuta||
Sūta said:: Thus the characteristics of all the Yugas, past and future in all the Manvantaras have been mentioned succinctly. Know that, by means of the (discription of) a Manvantara, all the other Manvantaras have been explained and also one Kalpa is described by means of (the description of) another. Similarly in the future ones, inference should be carried out by one who knows. In all the Manvantaras past and future, all the beings are of equal identifications in regard to names and forms.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 125
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 125
देवा ह्यष्टविधा ये वा इह मन्वन्तरेश्वराः। ऋषयो मनवश्चैव सर्वे तुल्याः प्रयोजनैः।।
devā hyaṣṭavidhā ye vā iha manvantareśvarāḥ| ṛṣayo manavaścaiva sarve tulyāḥ prayojanaiḥ||
Sūta said:: The Devas of eight classes who are the lords in this Manvantara, the sages and the Manus—all these are equal in regard to the purpose (served by them).
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 126
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 126
एवं वर्णाश्रमाणां तु प्रविभागं पुरा युगे। युगस्वभावांश्च तथा विधत्ते वै सदा प्रभुः।।
evaṃ varṇāśramāṇāṃ tu pravibhāgaṃ purā yuge| yugasvabhāvāṃśca tathā vidhatte vai sadā prabhuḥ||
Sūta said:: Thus the lord always evolves the classification of castes and stages of life in the former Yugas and arranges the intrinsic features of the Yugas.
Narration of the four Yugas: castes and stages of life - Verse 127
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 31 · Verse 127
वर्णाश्रमविभागाश्च युगानि युगसिद्धयः। अनुषङ्गात्समाख्याताः सृष्टिसर्गं निबोधत। विस्तरेणानुपूर्व्या च स्थितिं वक्ष्ये युगेष्विह।।
varṇāśramavibhāgāśca yugāni yugasiddhayaḥ| anuṣaṅgātsamākhyātāḥ sṛṣṭisargaṃ nibodhata| vistareṇānupūrvyā ca sthitiṃ vakṣye yugeṣviha||
Sūta said:: Thus the lord always evolves the classification of castes and stages of life in the former Yugas and arranges the intrinsic features of the Yugas.