Chapter 29
अध्यायः 29
Pada II — Anushanga, Chapter 29
Shlokas (92)
+ Add ShlokaCycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 1
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 1
चतुर्युगानि यान्यासन्पूर्वं स्वायंभुवे ऽन्तरे। तेषां निसर्गं तत्त्वं च श्रोतुमिच्छामि विस्तरात।।
caturyugāni yānyāsanpūrvaṃ svāyaṃbhuve 'ntare| teṣāṃ nisargaṃ tattvaṃ ca śrotumicchāmi vistarāt||
The sage said:: I wish to hear about the nature and principle (or reality) of those sets of four Yugas, which were before in the Svāyambhuva Manvantara.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 2
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 2
पृथिव्यादिप्रसंगेन यन्मया प्रागुदीरितम। तेषां चतुर्युगं ह्येतत्तद्वक्ष्यामि निबोधत।।
pṛthivyādiprasaṃgena yanmayā prāgudīritam| teṣāṃ caturyugaṃ hyetattadvakṣyāmi nibodhata||
Sūta said:: What I have already described in the context of (the description of) the Earth etc, the set of four Yugas is among them. I shall recount it. (All of you listen and) understand.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 3
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 3
संख्ययेह प्रसंख्याय विस्तराच्चैव सर्वशः। युगं च युगभेदश्च युगधर्मस्तथैव च।।
saṃkhyayeha prasaṃkhyāya vistarāccaiva sarvaśaḥ| yugaṃ ca yugabhedaśca yugadharmastathaiva ca||
Sūta said:: There are six aspects to be mentioned in regard to the set of four Yugas. viz. Yuga, the difference of Yugas, Yugadharma (peculiar characteristics of the Yuga), Yuga-Sandhi, (the junction of Yugas), Yugāṃśāka (the part of the Yuga) and the Yugasandhāna (joints of two Yugas). I shall narrate these factually in details. I shall enumerate every thing and I shall indicate the exact number (where necessary).
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 4
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 4
युगसंध्यांशकश्चैव युगसंधानमेव च। षट्प्रकाशयुगाख्यैषा ता प्रवक्ष्यामि तत्त्वतः।।
yugasaṃdhyāṃśakaścaiva yugasaṃdhānameva ca| ṣaṭprakāśayugākhyaiṣā tā pravakṣyāmi tattvataḥ||
Sūta said:: There are six aspects to be mentioned in regard to the set of four Yugas. viz. Yuga, the difference of Yugas, Yugadharma (peculiar characteristics of the Yuga), Yuga-Sandhi, (the junction of Yugas), Yugāṃśāka (the part of the Yuga) and the Yugasandhāna (joints of two Yugas). I shall narrate these factually in details. I shall enumerate every thing and I shall indicate the exact number (where necessary).
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 5
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 5
लौकिकेन प्रमाणेन निष्पाद्याब्दं तु मानुषम। तेनाब्देन प्रसंख्यायै वक्ष्यामीह वतुर्युगम। निमेषकाल तुल्यं हि विद्याल्लघ्वक्षरं च यत।।
laukikena pramāṇena niṣpādyābdaṃ tu mānuṣam| tenābdena prasaṃkhyāyai vakṣyāmīha vaturyugam| nimeṣakāla tulyaṃ hi vidyāllaghvakṣaraṃ ca yat||
Sūta said:: After calculating the human year by means of worldly reckoning, I shall mention the set of four Yugas calculating the same by means of human years.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 6
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 6
काष्ठा निमेषा दश पञ्च चैव त्रिशच्च काष्ठा गणयेत्कलां तु। त्रिंशत्कलाश्चापि भवेन्मुहूर्त्तस्तै स्त्रिंशता रात्र्यहनी समे ते।।
kāṣṭhā nimeṣā daśa pañca caiva triśacca kāṣṭhā gaṇayetkalāṃ tu| triṃśatkalāścāpi bhavenmuhūrttastai striṃśatā rātryahanī same te||
Sūta said:: Fifteen Nimeṣas make one Kāṣṭhā. Thirty Kāṣṭhās make a Kalā. Thirty Kalās shall be a Muhūrta. The day and the night together consist of thirty Muhūrtas and they are equal to each other.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 7
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 7
अहोरात्रौ विभजते सूर्यो मानुषलौकिकौ।।
ahorātrau vibhajate sūryo mānuṣalaukikau||
Translation not available.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 8
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 8
तत्राहः कर्मचेष्टायां रात्रिः स्वप्नाय कल्पते। पित्र्ये रात्र्यहनी मासः प्रविभागस्तयोः पुनः।।
tatrāhaḥ karmaceṣṭāyāṃ rātriḥ svapnāya kalpate| pitrye rātryahanī māsaḥ pravibhāgastayoḥ punaḥ||
Translation not available.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 9
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 9
कृष्णपक्षस्त्वहस्तेषां शुक्लः स्वप्नाय शर्वरी। त्रिंशद्ये मानुषा मासाः पित्र्यो मासस्तु सः स्मृतः।।
kṛṣṇapakṣastvahasteṣāṃ śuklaḥ svapnāya śarvarī| triṃśadye mānuṣā māsāḥ pitryo māsastu saḥ smṛtaḥ||
Translation not available.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 10
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 10
शतानि त्रीणि मासानां षष्ट्या चाप्यधिकानि वै। पित्र्यः संवत्सरो ह्येष मानुषेण विभाव्यते।।
śatāni trīṇi māsānāṃ ṣaṣṭyā cāpyadhikāni vai| pitryaḥ saṃvatsaro hyeṣa mānuṣeṇa vibhāvyate||
Sūta said:: Three hundred and sixty human months make one year of the Pitṛs.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 11
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 11
मानुषे णैव मानेन वर्षाणां यच्छतं भवेत। पितॄणां त्रीणि वर्षाणि संख्यातानीह तानि वै।।
mānuṣe ṇaiva mānena varṣāṇāṃ yacchataṃ bhavet| pitṝṇāṃ trīṇi varṣāṇi saṃkhyātānīha tāni vai||
Translation not available.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 12
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 12
दश चैवाधिका मासाः पितृसंख्येह संज्ञिताः। लौकिकेनैव मानेन हृब्दो यो मानुषः स्मृतः।।
daśa caivādhikā māsāḥ pitṛsaṃkhyeha saṃjñitāḥ| laukikenaiva mānena hṛbdo yo mānuṣaḥ smṛtaḥ||
Translation not available.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 13
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 13
एतद्दिव्यमहोरात्रं शास्त्रे स्यान्निश्चयो गतः। दिव्ये रात्र्यहनी वर्ष प्रविभागस्तयोः पुनः।।
etaddivyamahorātraṃ śāstre syānniścayo gataḥ| divye rātryahanī varṣa pravibhāgastayoḥ punaḥ||
Translation not available.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 14
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 14
अहस्तत्रोदगयनं रात्रिः स्याद्दक्षिणायनम। ये ते रात्र्यहनी दिव्ये प्रसंख्यानं तयोः पुनः।।
ahastatrodagayanaṃ rātriḥ syāddakṣiṇāyanam| ye te rātryahanī divye prasaṃkhyānaṃ tayoḥ punaḥ||
Sūta said:: The northern transit (of the Sun) is the day and the southern transit is the night (of Devas). The farther calculation in regard to the divine night and day is as follows:
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 15
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 15
त्रिंशद्यानि तु वर्षाणि दिप्यो मासस्तु स स्मृतः। यन्मानुषं शतं विद्धि दिव्या मासास्त्रयस्तु ते।।
triṃśadyāni tu varṣāṇi dipyo māsastu sa smṛtaḥ| yanmānuṣaṃ śataṃ viddhi divyā māsāstrayastu te||
Sūta said:: Thirty human years are remembered as a divine month. A hundred human years should be understood to be equal to three divine months and ten divine days. This is remembered as the divine reckoning. Three hundred and sixty years according to human reckoning are glorified as one divine year,
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 16
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 16
दश चैव तथाहानि दिव्यो ह्येष विधिः स्मृतः। त्रीणि वर्षशतान्येव षष्टिवर्षाणि यानि तु। दिव्यः संवत्सरो ह्येष मानुषेण प्रकीर्त्तितः।।
daśa caiva tathāhāni divyo hyeṣa vidhiḥ smṛtaḥ| trīṇi varṣaśatānyeva ṣaṣṭivarṣāṇi yāni tu| divyaḥ saṃvatsaro hyeṣa mānuṣeṇa prakīrttitaḥ||
Sūta said:: Thirty human years are remembered as a divine month. A hundred human years should be understood to be equal to three divine months and ten divine days. This is remembered as the divine reckoning. Three hundred and sixty years according to human reckoning are glorified as one divine year,
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 17
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 17
त्रीणि वर्ष सहस्राणि मानुषाणि प्रमाणतः। त्रिंशदन्यानि वर्षाणि मतः सप्तर्षिवत्सरः।।
trīṇi varṣa sahasrāṇi mānuṣāṇi pramāṇataḥ| triṃśadanyāni varṣāṇi mataḥ saptarṣivatsaraḥ||
Sūta said:: A year of the seven sages (Great Bear) is considered to be equal to three thousand and thirty human years.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 18
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 18
नव यानि सहस्राणि वर्षाणां मानुषाणि तु। अन्यानि नवतिश्चैव ध्रुवः संवत्सरः स्मृतः।।
nava yāni sahasrāṇi varṣāṇāṃ mānuṣāṇi tu| anyāni navatiścaiva dhruvaḥ saṃvatsaraḥ smṛtaḥ||
Sūta said:: The year of Dhruva is remembered as equal to nine thousand and ninety years according to human calculation.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 19
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 19
षड्विंशतिसहस्राणि वर्षाणि मानुषाणि तु। वर्षाणां तु शतं ज्ञेयं दिव्यो ह्येष विधिः स्मृतः।।
ṣaḍviṃśatisahasrāṇi varṣāṇi mānuṣāṇi tu| varṣāṇāṃ tu śataṃ jñeyaṃ divyo hyeṣa vidhiḥ smṛtaḥ||
Sūta said:: Thirty six thousand years according to the human reckoning should be known as equal to a hundred years. This is remembered as divine reckoning.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 20
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 20
त्रीण्येव नियुतान्याहुर्वर्षाणां मानुषाणि तु।।
trīṇyeva niyutānyāhurvarṣāṇāṃ mānuṣāṇi tu||
Sūta said:: Three hundred and sixty thousand human years constitute a thousand divine years—so say the people who are conversant with numbers and calculation.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 21
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 21
षष्टिश्चैव सहस्राणि संख्यातानि तु संख्याया। दिव्यवर्षसहस्र तु प्राहुः संख्याविदो जनाः।।
ṣaṣṭiścaiva sahasrāṇi saṃkhyātāni tu saṃkhyāyā| divyavarṣasahasra tu prāhuḥ saṃkhyāvido janāḥ||
Sūta said:: Three hundred and sixty thousand human years constitute a thousand divine years—so say the people who are conversant with numbers and calculation.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 22
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 22
इत्येवमृषिभिर्गीतं दिव्यया संख्याया त्विह। दिव्येनैव प्रमाणेन युगसंख्याप्रकल्पनम।।
ityevamṛṣibhirgītaṃ divyayā saṃkhyāyā tviha| divyenaiva pramāṇena yugasaṃkhyāprakalpanam||
Sūta said:: It is thus that the sages sang about the divine calculation. Now (I shall narrate) the reckoning of the number of Yugas according to the divine calculation.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 23
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 23
चत्वारि भारते वर्षे युगानि कवयो ऽबुवन। कृतं त्रेता द्वापरं च कलिश्चेति चतुष्टयम।।
catvāri bhārate varṣe yugāni kavayo 'buvan| kṛtaṃ tretā dvāparaṃ ca kaliśceti catuṣṭayam||
Sūta said:: Wise persons and sages have said that there are four Yugas in Bhārata subcontinent. They are Kṛta, Tretā, Dvāpara and Kali.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 24
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 24
पूर्व कृतयुकं नाम ततस्त्रेती विधीयते। द्वापरं च कलिश्चैव युगान्येतानि कल्पयेत।।
pūrva kṛtayukaṃ nāma tatastretī vidhīyate| dvāparaṃ ca kaliścaiva yugānyetāni kalpayet||
Sūta said:: The first one is Kṛtayuga by name. Thereafter, Tretā is mentioned. Then Dvāpara and Kali. One shall reckon these as the Yugas.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 25
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 25
चत्वार्याहुः सहस्राणि वर्षाणां च कृत युगम। तस्य तावच्छती संध्या संध्यांशः संध्याया समः।।
catvāryāhuḥ sahasrāṇi varṣāṇāṃ ca kṛta yugam| tasya tāvacchatī saṃdhyā saṃdhyāṃśaḥ saṃdhyāyā samaḥ||
Sūta said:: They say that Kṛta Yuga consists of four thousand years. The Sandhyā (junction or transition period) consists of so many (i.e. four) hundred years. The part of the junction (with the next Yuga or Sandhyāṃśa) is equal to the Sandhyā period.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 26
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 26
इतरेषु ससंध्येषु ससंध्यांशेषु च त्रिषु। एकन्यायेन वर्तन्ते सहस्राणि शतानि च।।
itareṣu sasaṃdhyeṣu sasaṃdhyāṃśeṣu ca triṣu| ekanyāyena vartante sahasrāṇi śatāni ca||
Sūta said:: They say that Kṛta Yuga consists of four thousand years. The Sandhyā (junction or transition period) consists of so many (i.e. four) hundred years. The part of the junction (with the next Yuga or Sandhyāṃśa) is equal to the Sandhyā period.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 27
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 27
त्रीणि द्वे च सहस्राणि त्रेताद्वापरयोः क्रमात। त्रिशती द्विशती संध्ये संध्यांशौ चापि तत्समौ।।
trīṇi dve ca sahasrāṇi tretādvāparayoḥ kramāt| triśatī dviśatī saṃdhye saṃdhyāṃśau cāpi tatsamau||
Sūta said:: They say that Kṛta Yuga consists of four thousand years. The Sandhyā (junction or transition period) consists of so many (i.e. four) hundred years. The part of the junction (with the next Yuga or Sandhyāṃśa) is equal to the Sandhyā period.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 28
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 28
कलिं वर्षसरस्रं तु युगमाहुर्द्विजोत्तमाः। तस्यैकशतिका संध्या संध्यांशः संध्यया समः।।
kaliṃ varṣasarasraṃ tu yugamāhurdvijottamāḥ| tasyaikaśatikā saṃdhyā saṃdhyāṃśaḥ saṃdhyayā samaḥ||
Sūta said:: They say that Kṛta Yuga consists of four thousand years. The Sandhyā (junction or transition period) consists of so many (i.e. four) hundred years. The part of the junction (with the next Yuga or Sandhyāṃśa) is equal to the Sandhyā period.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 29
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 29
तेषां द्वादशसाहस्री युगसंख्या प्रकीर्त्तिता। कृतं त्रेता द्वापरं च कलिश्चैव चतुष्टयम।।
teṣāṃ dvādaśasāhasrī yugasaṃkhyā prakīrttitā| kṛtaṃ tretā dvāparaṃ ca kaliścaiva catuṣṭayam||
Sūta said:: Tugasaṅkhyō (the total number of years in all the four Yugas together) is mentioned as twelve thousand (divine) years for the four yugas viz. Kṛta, Tretā, Dvāpara and Kali.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 30
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 30
अत्र संवत्सरा दृष्टा मानुषेण प्रमाणतः। कृतस्य तावद्वक्ष्यामि वर्षाणि च निबोधत।।
atra saṃvatsarā dṛṣṭā mānuṣeṇa pramāṇataḥ| kṛtasya tāvadvakṣyāmi varṣāṇi ca nibodhata||
Sūta said:: In this connection the years are found to be as follows in accordance with the human calculation: I shall mention the number of years in the Kṛta Yuga. Understand it.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 31
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 31
सहस्राणां शतान्याहुश्चतुर्दश हि संख्याया। चत्वारिंशत्सहस्राणि तथान्यानि कृतं युगम।।
sahasrāṇāṃ śatānyāhuścaturdaśa hi saṃkhyāyā| catvāriṃśatsahasrāṇi tathānyāni kṛtaṃ yugam||
Sūta said:: The Kṛta Yuga consists of one million four hundred and forty thousand human years.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 32
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 32
तथा शतसहस्राणि वर्षाणि दशसंख्याया। अशीतिश्च सहस्राणि कालस्त्रेतायुगस्य सः।।
tathā śatasahasrāṇi varṣāṇi daśasaṃkhyāyā| aśītiśca sahasrāṇi kālastretāyugasya saḥ||
Sūta said:: The duration of the Tretā Yuga is one million and eighty thousand human years.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 33
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 33
सप्तैव नियुतान्याहुर्वर्षाणां मानुषेण तु। विंशतिश्च सहस्रामि कालः स द्वापरस्य च।।
saptaiva niyutānyāhurvarṣāṇāṃ mānuṣeṇa tu| viṃśatiśca sahasrāmi kālaḥ sa dvāparasya ca||
Sūta said:: The duration of the Dvāpara Yuga is seven hundred and twenty thousand human years.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 34
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 34
तथा शतसहस्राणि वर्षाणां त्रीणि संख्यया। षष्टिश्चैव सहस्राणि कालः कलियुगस्य तु।।
tathā śatasahasrāṇi varṣāṇāṃ trīṇi saṃkhyayā| ṣaṣṭiścaiva sahasrāṇi kālaḥ kaliyugasya tu||
Sūta said:: Similarly, the duration of the Kali Yuga is three hundred and sixty thousand human years.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 35
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 35
एवं चतुर्युगे काल ऋतैः संध्यांशकैः स्मृतः। नियुतान्येव षडिंशान्निरसानि युगानि वै।।
evaṃ caturyuge kāla ṛtaiḥ saṃdhyāṃśakaiḥ smṛtaḥ| niyutānyeva ṣaḍiṃśānnirasāni yugāni vai||
Sūta said:: (Partially defective text).
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 36
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 36
चत्वारिंशत्तथा त्रीणि नियुता नीह संख्यया। विंशतिश्च सहस्राणि स संध्यांशश्चतुर्युगः।।
catvāriṃśattathā trīṇi niyutā nīha saṃkhyayā| viṃśatiśca sahasrāṇi sa saṃdhyāṃśaścaturyugaḥ||
Sūta said:: (Partially defective text).
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 37
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 37
एवं चतुर्युगाख्यानां साधिका ह्येकसप्ततिः। कृतत्रेतादियुक्तानां मनोरन्तरमुच्यते।।
evaṃ caturyugākhyānāṃ sādhikā hyekasaptatiḥ| kṛtatretādiyuktānāṃ manorantaramucyate||
Sūta said:: Thus the sets of four Yugas numbering seventy-one are called Manvantara.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 38
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 38
मन्वन्तरस्य संख्यां तु वर्षाग्रेण निबोधत। त्रिंशत्कोट्यस्तु वर्षाणां मानुषेण प्रकीर्त्तिताः।।
manvantarasya saṃkhyāṃ tu varṣāgreṇa nibodhata| triṃśatkoṭyastu varṣāṇāṃ mānuṣeṇa prakīrttitāḥ||
Sūta said:: Understand the number of years in the Manvantara. There are three hundred and six million seven hundred and twenty thousand years according to human reckoning in a Manvantara. It is not more. This reckoning of Manvantara is remembered by Brāhmaṇas conversant with calculation. Thus the duration of a Manvantara has been recounted along with the Yugas.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 39
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 39
सप्त षष्टिस्तथान्यानि नियुतान्यधिकानि तु। विशतिश्च सहस्राणि कालो ऽयं साधिकं विना।।
sapta ṣaṣṭistathānyāni niyutānyadhikāni tu| viśatiśca sahasrāṇi kālo 'yaṃ sādhikaṃ vinā||
Sūta said:: Understand the number of years in the Manvantara. There are three hundred and six million seven hundred and twenty thousand years according to human reckoning in a Manvantara. It is not more. This reckoning of Manvantara is remembered by Brāhmaṇas conversant with calculation. Thus the duration of a Manvantara has been recounted along with the Yugas.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 40
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 40
मन्वन्तरस्य संख्यैषा संख्या विद्भिर्द्विजैः स्मृता। मन्वन्तरस्य कालो ऽयं युगैः सार्द्धं च कीर्त्तितः।।
manvantarasya saṃkhyaiṣā saṃkhyā vidbhirdvijaiḥ smṛtā| manvantarasya kālo 'yaṃ yugaiḥ sārddhaṃ ca kīrttitaḥ||
Sūta said:: Understand the number of years in the Manvantara. There are three hundred and six million seven hundred and twenty thousand years according to human reckoning in a Manvantara. It is not more. This reckoning of Manvantara is remembered by Brāhmaṇas conversant with calculation. Thus the duration of a Manvantara has been recounted along with the Yugas.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 41
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 41
चतुः साहस्रयुक्तं वै प्राकृतं तत्कृतं युगम। त्रेताशिष्टं प्रवक्ष्यामि द्वापरं कलिमेव च।।
catuḥ sāhasrayuktaṃ vai prākṛtaṃ tatkṛtaṃ yugam| tretāśiṣṭaṃ pravakṣyāmi dvāparaṃ kalimeva ca||
Sūta said:: The natural (?) Kṛta Yuga is endowed with four thousand years (?). I shall mention the balance of Tretā as well as Dvāpara and Kali.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 42
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 42
युगपत्समयेनार्थो द्विधा वक्तुं न शक्यते। क्रमागतं मया ह्येतत्तुभ्यं नोक्त युग द्वयम।।
yugapatsamayenārtho dvidhā vaktuṃ na śakyate| kramāgataṃ mayā hyetattubhyaṃ nokta yuga dvayam||
Sūta said:: No matter can be mentioned in two ways simultaneously (?) Though it has come traditionally in due order, these two Yugas have not been recounted to you before.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 43
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 43
ऋषिवंशप्रसंगेन व्याकुलत्वात्तथैव च। अत्र त्रेतायुगस्यादौ मनुः सप्तर्षयश्च ये।।
ṛṣivaṃśaprasaṃgena vyākulatvāttathaiva ca| atra tretāyugasyādau manuḥ saptarṣayaśca ye||
Sūta said:: It was not recounted because I was too much engrossed in the description of the line of sages.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 44
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 44
श्रौत स्मार्त्त च ते धर्म ब्रह्मणानुप्रचौदितम। दाराग्निहोत्रसंबन्धमृग्यजुः सामसंहितम।।
śrauta smārtta ca te dharma brahmaṇānupracauditam| dārāgnihotrasaṃbandhamṛgyajuḥ sāmasaṃhitam||
Sūta said:: It was not recounted because I was too much engrossed in the description of the line of sages.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 45
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 45
इत्यादिलक्षणं श्रौतं धर्म सप्तर्षयो ऽब्रुवन। परंपरागतं धर्म स्मार्त्तं चाचारलक्षणम।।
ityādilakṣaṇaṃ śrautaṃ dharma saptarṣayo 'bruvan| paraṃparāgataṃ dharma smārttaṃ cācāralakṣaṇam||
Sūta said:: It was not recounted because I was too much engrossed in the description of the line of sages.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 46
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 46
वर्णाश्रमाचारयुतं मनुः स्वायंभुवो ऽब्रवीत। सत्येन ब्रह्मचर्येण श्रुतेन तपसा च वै।।
varṇāśramācārayutaṃ manuḥ svāyaṃbhuvo 'bravīt| satyena brahmacaryeṇa śrutena tapasā ca vai||
Sūta said:: It was not recounted because I was too much engrossed in the description of the line of sages.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 47
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 47
तेषां तु तप्ततपसा आर्षेणोपक्रमेण तु। सप्तर्षीणां मनोश्चैव ह्याद्ये त्रेतायुगे तथा।।
teṣāṃ tu taptatapasā ārṣeṇopakrameṇa tu| saptarṣīṇāṃ manoścaiva hyādye tretāyuge tathā||
Sūta said:: In the first Tretā Yuga, those Mantras along with Tāraka (i.e. Oṃkāra) and other examples manifested themselves without any conscious effort or previous knowledge, unto the seven sages and Manu. That is because of the penance performed by them and their saintly endeavour.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 48
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 48
अबुद्धिपूर्वकं तेषामक्रियापूर्वमेव च। अभिव्यक्तास्तु ते मन्त्रास्तारकाद्यैर्निदर्शनैः।।
abuddhipūrvakaṃ teṣāmakriyāpūrvameva ca| abhivyaktāstu te mantrāstārakādyairnidarśanaiḥ||
Sūta said:: In the first Tretā Yuga, those Mantras along with Tāraka (i.e. Oṃkāra) and other examples manifested themselves without any conscious effort or previous knowledge, unto the seven sages and Manu. That is because of the penance performed by them and their saintly endeavour.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 49
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 49
आदिकल्पे तु देवानां प्रादुर्भूतास्तु याः स्वयम। प्राणाशेष्वथ सिद्धीनामन्यासां च प्रवर्त्तनम।।
ādikalpe tu devānāṃ prādurbhūtāstu yāḥ svayam| prāṇāśeṣvatha siddhīnāmanyāsāṃ ca pravarttanam||
Sūta said:: Those Siddhis (spiritual powers and achievements) which appeared before the Devas in the first Kalpa, of their own accord (appeared before these also i.e. seven sages and Manu). When the original Siddhis ceased to exist, others began to function. Thousands of those Mantras which existed in the Kalpas gone by manifested themselves in their intellect once again.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 50
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 50
आसन्मन्त्रा व्यतीतेषु ये कल्पेषु सहस्रशः। ते मन्त्रा वै पुनस्तेषां प्रतिभायामुपस्थिताः।।
āsanmantrā vyatīteṣu ye kalpeṣu sahasraśaḥ| te mantrā vai punasteṣāṃ pratibhāyāmupasthitāḥ||
Sūta said:: Those Siddhis (spiritual powers and achievements) which appeared before the Devas in the first Kalpa, of their own accord (appeared before these also i.e. seven sages and Manu). When the original Siddhis ceased to exist, others began to function. Thousands of those Mantras which existed in the Kalpas gone by manifested themselves in their intellect once again.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 51
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 51
ऋचो यजूंषि सामानि मन्त्रश्चाथर्वणानि तु। सप्तर्षिभिस्तु ते प्रोक्ताः स्मार्त्तं धर्मं मनुर्जगौ।।
ṛco yajūṃṣi sāmāni mantraścātharvaṇāni tu| saptarṣibhistu te proktāḥ smārttaṃ dharmaṃ manurjagau||
Sūta said:: The Ṛk, Yajus, Sāman and Atharvan Mantras were uttered by the seven sages and Manu expounded the Smārta Dharma (Dharma as laid down in Smṛtis).
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 52
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 52
त्रेतादौ संहिता वेदाः केवला धर्मसेतवः। संरोधादायुषश्चैव वर्त्स्यन्ते द्वापरेषु वै।।
tretādau saṃhitā vedāḥ kevalā dharmasetavaḥ| saṃrodhādāyuṣaścaiva vartsyante dvāpareṣu vai||
Sūta said:: In the beginning of Tretā, the undivided compact Vedas alone were the bridges (i.e. the sole authority) unto Dharma. But owing to the contraction in the period of longevity they are abandoned in the Dvāparas.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 53
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 53
ऋषयस्तपसा वेदान्द्वापरादिष्वधीयते। अनादिनिधिना दिव्याः पूर्वं सृष्टाः स्वयंभुवा।।
ṛṣayastapasā vedāndvāparādiṣvadhīyate| anādinidhinā divyāḥ pūrvaṃ sṛṣṭāḥ svayaṃbhuvā||
Sūta said:: It is by means of their penance that the sages study the Vedas during Dvāpara, etc. The Vedas are devoid of beginning and end. They are divine. They have been evolved by the self born lord before.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 54
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 54
सधर्माः सव्रताः सांगा यथाधर्मं युगेयुगे। विक्रियन्ते समानार्था वेदवादा यथायुगम।।
sadharmāḥ savratāḥ sāṃgā yathādharmaṃ yugeyuge| vikriyante samānārthā vedavādā yathāyugam||
Sūta said:: Though they are the same in meaning, righteousness, holy rites and ancillary subjects, they undergo changes in every Yuga.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 55
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 55
आरंभयज्ञाः क्षत्राश्च हविर्यज्ञा विशस्तथा। परिचारयज्ञाः शूद्रास्तु जपयज्ञा द्विजोत्तमाः।।
āraṃbhayajñāḥ kṣatrāśca haviryajñā viśastathā| paricārayajñāḥ śūdrāstu japayajñā dvijottamāḥ||
Sūta said:: . The Kṣatriyas have Ārambhas (enterprises) as their Yajña (sacrifice); the Vaiśyas have Havis (offerings of ghee etc.) for Yajña; the Śūdras have service for Yajña and excellent Brāhmaṇas have Japa (chanting of Mantras) for Yajña.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 56
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 56
तदा प्रमुदिता वर्णास्त्रेतायां धर्मपालिताः। क्रियावन्तः प्रजावन्तः समृद्धाः सुखिनस्तथा।।
tadā pramuditā varṇāstretāyāṃ dharmapālitāḥ| kriyāvantaḥ prajāvantaḥ samṛddhāḥ sukhinastathā||
Sūta said:: Then, in the Tretā Yuga, people of all castes were joyous (because) they were well-protected by Dharma. They regularly performed holy rites, and were happy and prosperous.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 57
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 57
ब्राह्मणाननुर्त्तन्ते क्षत्रियाः क्षत्रियान्विशः। वैश्यानुवर्त्तिनः शुद्राः परस्परमनुव्रताः।।
brāhmaṇānanurttante kṣatriyāḥ kṣatriyānviśaḥ| vaiśyānuvarttinaḥ śudrāḥ parasparamanuvratāḥ||
Sūta said:: Kṣatriyas obeyed the Brāhmaṇas. The Vaiśyas obeyed the Kṣatriyas. The Śūḍras obeyed the Vaiśyas. The people cooperated with one another.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 58
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 58
शुभाः प्रवृत्तयस्तेषां धर्मा वर्णाश्रमास्तथा। संकल्पितेन मनसा वाचोक्तेन स्वकर्मणा।।
śubhāḥ pravṛttayasteṣāṃ dharmā varṇāśramāstathā| saṃkalpitena manasā vācoktena svakarmaṇā||
Sūta said:: Their activities were auspicious; so also were their castes and stages of life. They were pure in the thoughts of the mind, in the utterance of words and in their physical activiry.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 59
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 59
त्रेतायुगे च विफलः कर्मारंभः प्रसिद्ध्यति। आयुर्मेधा बलं रूपमारोग्यं धर्मशीलता।।
tretāyuge ca viphalaḥ karmāraṃbhaḥ prasiddhyati| āyurmedhā balaṃ rūpamārogyaṃ dharmaśīlatā||
Sūta said:: In the Tretā Yuga, the initiation of all activities was never fruitless. It became fulfilled. In the Tretā Yuga, span of life, intelligence, strength, beauty, health and piety were common to all. At that time, Brahmā established different castes and stages in life.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 60
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 60
सर्वसाधारणा ह्येते त्रेतायां वै भवं त्युत। वर्णाश्रमव्यवस्थानं तेषां ब्रह्मा तदाकरोत।।
sarvasādhāraṇā hyete tretāyāṃ vai bhavaṃ tyuta| varṇāśramavyavasthānaṃ teṣāṃ brahmā tadākarot||
Sūta said:: In the Tretā Yuga, the initiation of all activities was never fruitless. It became fulfilled. In the Tretā Yuga, span of life, intelligence, strength, beauty, health and piety were common to all. At that time, Brahmā established different castes and stages in life.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 61
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 61
पुनः प्रजास्तु ता मोहाद्धर्मा स्तानप्यपालयन। परस्परविरोधेन मनुं ताः पुनरभ्ययुः।।
punaḥ prajāstu tā mohāddharmā stānapyapālayan| parasparavirodhena manuṃ tāḥ punarabhyayuḥ||
Sūta said:: Again, the subjects out of delusion kept up those Dharmas (but) with mutual antagonism. They then approached Manu.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 62
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 62
पुनः स्वायंभुवो दृष्ट्वा याथातथ्यं प्रजापतिः। ध्यात्वा तु शतरूपायां पुत्रौ स उदपादयत।।
punaḥ svāyaṃbhuvo dṛṣṭvā yāthātathyaṃ prajāpatiḥ| dhyātvā tu śatarūpāyāṃ putrau sa udapādayat||
Sūta said:: Svāyambhuva Manu, the Prajāpati (lord of the subjects) saw the reality of situation. After meditation, he begot two sons of Śatarūpā.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 63
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 63
प्रियव्रतो त्तानपादौ प्रथमौ तौ मोहीक्षितौ। ततः प्रभृति राजान उत्पन्ना दण्डधारिणः।।
priyavrato ttānapādau prathamau tau mohīkṣitau| tataḥ prabhṛti rājāna utpannā daṇḍadhāriṇaḥ||
Sūta said:: They were Priyavrata and Uttānapāda. They were the first kings. Thereafter, kings were born. They wielded the staff of Law and Order.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 64
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 64
प्रजानां रञ्जनाच्चैव राजानस्ते ऽभवन्नृपाः। प्रच्छन्न पापास्तैर्ये च न शक्यास्तु नराधिपैः।।
prajānāṃ rañjanāccaiva rājānaste 'bhavannṛpāḥ| pracchanna pāpāstairye ca na śakyāstu narādhipaiḥ||
Sūta said:: Those kings were called Rājans because they delighted and pacified the subjects. Those with hidden sins could not be controlled by those kings.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 65
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 65
धर्मराजः स्मृतस्तेषां शास्ता वैवस्वतो यमः। वर्णानां प्रविभागाश्च त्रेतायां संप्रकीर्त्तिताः।।
dharmarājaḥ smṛtasteṣāṃ śāstā vaivasvato yamaḥ| varṇānāṃ pravibhāgāśca tretāyāṃ saṃprakīrttitāḥ||
Sūta said:: Yama, king of Dharma and son of the Sun-god is remembered as their chastiser. The classifications of castes are said to have been begun in the Tretā.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 66
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 66
संभृताच्च तदा मन्त्रा ऋषिभिर्ब्रह्मणः सुतैः। यज्ञाः प्रवर्त्तिताश्चैव तदा ह्येव तु दैवतैः।।
saṃbhṛtācca tadā mantrā ṛṣibhirbrahmaṇaḥ sutaiḥ| yajñāḥ pravarttitāścaiva tadā hyeva tu daivataiḥ||
Sūta said:: It was then that Mantras were gathered together by the sages who were the sons of Brahmā. It was only then that the Yajñas were initiated by the gods.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 67
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 67
यामशुक्रार्जितैश्चैव सर्वसाधन संभृतैः। सार्द्धं विश्वभुजा चैव देवेन्द्रेण महौजसा।।
yāmaśukrārjitaiścaiva sarvasādhana saṃbhṛtaiḥ| sārddhaṃ viśvabhujā caiva devendreṇa mahaujasā||
Sūta said:: In the Svāyambhuva Manvantara, the Yajña was formerly initiated by the Devas by means of all requisites, gathered by Yama and Śukra along with Viśvabhuj and Devendra of great prowess. Truthfulness, chanting of Mantras, penance and charity constitute Dharma in the Tretā.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 68
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 68
स्वायंभुवेंऽतरे देवैर्यज्ञस्तैः प्राक्प्रवर्त्तितः। सत्यं जपस्तपो दानं त्रेताया धर्म उच्यते।।
svāyaṃbhuveṃ'tare devairyajñastaiḥ prākpravarttitaḥ| satyaṃ japastapo dānaṃ tretāyā dharma ucyate||
Sūta said:: In the Svāyambhuva Manvantara, the Yajña was formerly initiated by the Devas by means of all requisites, gathered by Yama and Śukra along with Viśvabhuj and Devendra of great prowess. Truthfulness, chanting of Mantras, penance and charity constitute Dharma in the Tretā.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 69
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 69
तदा धर्म्मसहस्रान्ते ऽहिंसाधर्मः प्रवर्त्तते। जायन्ते च तदा शूरा आयुष्मन्तो महाबलाः।।
tadā dharmmasahasrānte 'hiṃsādharmaḥ pravarttate| jāyante ca tadā śūrā āyuṣmanto mahābalāḥ||
Sūta said:: At the end of a thousand Righteous activities, the Dharma of nonviolence begins to function. It is then that heroes are born with great strength and span of life.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 70
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 70
व्यस्तदण्डा महाभागा धर्मिष्ठा ब्रह्मवादिनः। पद्मपत्रायताक्षाश्च पृथूरस्काः सुसंहताः।।
vyastadaṇḍā mahābhāgā dharmiṣṭhā brahmavādinaḥ| padmapatrāyatākṣāśca pṛthūraskāḥ susaṃhatāḥ||
Sūta said:: They had renounced punishments. They were extremely fortunate and highly righteous. They were expounders of Brahman. Their eyes were extensive like the petals of a lotus. They had broad, wide chests and their limbs were well-knit together.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 71
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 71
सिंहातङ्का महासत्त्वा मत्तमातङ्गगमिनः। महाधनुर्द्धराश्चैव त्रेतायां चक्रवर्त्तिनः।।
siṃhātaṅkā mahāsattvā mattamātaṅgagaminaḥ| mahādhanurddharāścaiva tretāyāṃ cakravarttinaḥ||
Sūta said:: The sovereigns of the world in the Tretā Yuga were capable of agonizing even lions; they were extremely vigorous. Their mode of walking was like that of intoxicated elephants. They were great wielders of bow (great experts in archery).
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 72
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 72
सर्वलक्षणसम्पूर्मा न्यग्रोधपरिमण्डलाः। न्यग्रोधौ तु स्मृतौ बाहू व्यामो न्यग्रोध उच्यते।।
sarvalakṣaṇasampūrmā nyagrodhaparimaṇḍalāḥ| nyagrodhau tu smṛtau bāhū vyāmo nyagrodha ucyate||
Sūta said:: They were fully equipped with all good characteristics. They were Nyagrodhaparimaṇḍalas. The word Nyagrodha denotes the two arms. Hence, Nyagrodha means Vyāma (Extended arms). He whose height extends as much as a Vyāma, he whose girth and height are equal, should be known as Nyagrodhaparimaṇḍala (a well-built man).
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 73
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 73
व्यामे नैवोछ्रयो यस्य सम ऊर्द्धं तु देहिनः। समोछ्रयपरीणाहो ज्ञेयो न्यग्रोधमण्डलः।।
vyāme naivochrayo yasya sama ūrddhaṃ tu dehinaḥ| samochrayaparīṇāho jñeyo nyagrodhamaṇḍalaḥ||
Sūta said:: They were fully equipped with all good characteristics. They were Nyagrodhaparimaṇḍalas. The word Nyagrodha denotes the two arms. Hence, Nyagrodha means Vyāma (Extended arms). He whose height extends as much as a Vyāma, he whose girth and height are equal, should be known as Nyagrodhaparimaṇḍala (a well-built man).
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 74
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 74
चक्रं रथो मणिर्भार्या निधिरश्वो गजस्तथा। सप्तैतानि च रत्नानि सर्वेषां चक्रवर्तिनाम।।
cakraṃ ratho maṇirbhāryā nidhiraśvo gajastathā| saptaitāni ca ratnāni sarveṣāṃ cakravartināma||
Sūta said:: The following seven things viz. a discus, a chariot, a jewel, a spouse, a treasure, a horse and an elephant—these are considered to be the seven jewels of emperors.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 75
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 75
चक्रं रथो मणिः खड्गश्चर्मरत्नं च पञ्चमम। केतुर्निधिश्च सप्तैव प्राणहीनानि चक्षते।।
cakraṃ ratho maṇiḥ khaḍgaścarmaratnaṃ ca pañcamam| keturnidhiśca saptaiva prāṇahīnāni cakṣate||
Sūta said:: They say that the following seven are the inanimate jewels of the sovereign over the world, viz. a discus, a chariot, a jewel, a sword. The excellent shield is the fifth, the flag and the treasure.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 76
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 76
भार्या पुरोहितश्चैव सेनानी रथकृच्च यः। मन्त्र्यश्वः कलभश्चैव प्राणिनः सप्त कीर्त्तिताः।।
bhāryā purohitaścaiva senānī rathakṛcca yaḥ| mantryaśvaḥ kalabhaścaiva prāṇinaḥ sapta kīrttitāḥ||
Sūta said:: (The seven jewels of an Emperor) having life are mentioned as follows: The Queen, the family priest, the commander-in-chief, the chariot-maker, the minister, the horse and the elephant.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 77
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 77
रत्नान्येतानि दिव्यानि संसिद्धानि महात्मनाम। चतुर्दश विधेयानि सर्वेषां चक्रवर्त्तिनाम।।
ratnānyetāni divyāni saṃsiddhāni mahātmanām| caturdaśa vidheyāni sarveṣāṃ cakravarttinām||
Sūta said:: These jewels are divine ones. They have been (naturally) acquired by the noble-souled ones. These fourteen (jewels) should be assigned to all Emperors.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 78
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 78
विष्णोरंशेन जायन्ते पृथिव्यां चक्रवर्त्तिनः। मन्वन्तरेषु सर्वेषु अतीतानागतेष्विह।।
viṣṇoraṃśena jāyante pṛthivyāṃ cakravarttinaḥ| manvantareṣu sarveṣu atītānāgateṣviha||
Sūta said:: In all the Manvantaras of the past and future, emperors are born on the Earth from a part of Viṣṇu.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 79
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 79
भूतभव्यानि यानीह वर्त्तमानानि यानि च। त्रेतायुगे च तान्यत्र जायन्ते चक्रवर्त्तिनः।।
bhūtabhavyāni yānīha varttamānāni yāni ca| tretāyuge ca tānyatra jāyante cakravarttinaḥ||
Sūta said:: .Emperors are. born in the Tretā Yuga of all the Manvantaras of the past, present and future.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 80
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 80
भद्राणीमानि तेषां वै भवन्तीह महीक्षिताम। अत्यद्भुतानि चत्वारि बलं धर्मः सुखं धनम।।
bhadrāṇīmāni teṣāṃ vai bhavantīha mahīkṣitām| atyadbhutāni catvāri balaṃ dharmaḥ sukhaṃ dhanam||
Sūta said:: The following four shall be very wonderful and excellent in regard to those kings:—viz. strength (or army), Dharma (virtue, piety), happiness and wealth.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 81
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 81
अन्योन्यस्याविरोधेन प्राप्यन्ते तु नृपैः समम। अर्थो धर्मश्च कामश्च यशो विजय एव च।।
anyonyasyāvirodhena prāpyante tu nṛpaiḥ samam| artho dharmaśca kāmaśca yaśo vijaya eva ca||
Sūta said:: Wealth, dharma, love, fame and victory are acquired by the kings on a par with one another and without coming into conflict.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 82
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 82
ऐश्वर्येणाणिमाद्येन प्रभुशक्त्या तथैव च। श्रुतेन तपसा चैव मुनीनभिभवन्ति वै।।
aiśvaryeṇāṇimādyena prabhuśaktyā tathaiva ca| śrutena tapasā caiva munīnabhibhavanti vai||
Sūta said:: They over-power even the sages by means of Aṇimā (minuteness) and other Aīśvarjas, the power of lordship, learning and penance.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 83
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 83
बलेन तपसा चैव देवदानवमानवान। लक्षणैश्चैव जायन्ते शरीरस्थैरमानुषैः।।
balena tapasā caiva devadānavamānavān| lakṣaṇaiścaiva jāyante śarīrasthairamānuṣaiḥ||
Sūta said:: (They overpower) Devas, Dānavas and human beings by means of strength and austerity.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 84
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 84
केशाःस्निग्धा ललाटोच्चा जिह्वा चास्य प्रमार्जिनी। ताम्रप्रभोष्टनेत्राश्च श्रीवत्साश्चैद्ध्वरोमशाः।।
keśāḥsnigdhā lalāṭoccā jihvā cāsya pramārjinī| tāmraprabhoṣṭanetrāśca śrīvatsāścaiddhvaromaśāḥ||
Sūta said:: The hairs are soft and glossy; the foreheads are high; the tongue is one that wipes off clean. The lips and eyes have the lustre of copper; (their chests) are marked with Śrīvatsa scar; the hairs are lifted up.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 85
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 85
आजानुबाहवस्छैव तदाम्रहस्ताः कटौ कृशाः। न्यग्रोधपरिणाहाश्च सिंहस्कन्धास्तु मेहनाः।।
ājānubāhavaschaiva tadāmrahastāḥ kaṭau kṛśāḥ| nyagrodhapariṇāhāśca siṃhaskandhāstu mehanāḥ||
Sūta said:: The hairs are soft and glossy; the foreheads are high; the tongue is one that wipes off clean. The lips and eyes have the lustre of copper; (their chests) are marked with Śrīvatsa scar; the hairs are lifted up.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 86
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 86
गजेद्रगतयश्चैव महाहनव एव च। पादयोश्चक्रमत्स्योन्तु शङ्खपद्मौ तुहस्तयोः।।
gajedragatayaścaiva mahāhanava eva ca| pādayoścakramatsyontu śaṅkhapadmau tuhastayoḥ||
Sūta said:: The hairs are soft and glossy; the foreheads are high; the tongue is one that wipes off clean. The lips and eyes have the lustre of copper; (their chests) are marked with Śrīvatsa scar; the hairs are lifted up.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 87
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 87
पञ्चाशीतिसहस्राणि ते राजन्त्यजरा नृपाः। असंगगतयस्तेषां चतस्रश्चक्रवर्त्तिनाम।।
pañcāśītisahasrāṇi te rājantyajarā nṛpāḥ| asaṃgagatayasteṣāṃ catasraścakravarttinām||
Sūta said:: The kings are eighty-five thousand in number and they shine without ageing.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 88
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 88
अन्तरिक्षे समुद्रि च पाताले पर्वतेषु च। इज्या दानं तपः सत्यं त्रेतायां धर्म उच्यते।।
antarikṣe samudri ca pātāle parvateṣu ca| ijyā dānaṃ tapaḥ satyaṃ tretāyāṃ dharma ucyate||
Sūta said:: The kings are eighty-five thousand in number and they shine without ageing.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 89
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 89
तदा प्रवर्त्तते धर्मो वर्णाश्रमविभागशः। मर्यादास्थापनार्थं च दण्डनीतिः प्रवर्त्तते।।
tadā pravarttate dharmo varṇāśramavibhāgaśaḥ| maryādāsthāpanārthaṃ ca daṇḍanītiḥ pravarttate||
Sūta said:: The kings are eighty-five thousand in number and they shine without ageing.
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 90
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 90
त्दृष्टपुष्टाः प्रजाः सर्वा अरोगाः पूर्णमानसाः। एको वेदश्चतुष्पादस्त्रेतायुगविधौस्मृतः।।
tdṛṣṭapuṣṭāḥ prajāḥ sarvā arogāḥ pūrṇamānasāḥ| eko vedaścatuṣpādastretāyugavidhausmṛtaḥ||
Sūta said:: All the subjects are delighted and well built. They are free from ailments. Their minds are full (i.e they are joyous).
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 91
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 91
त्रीणि वर्षसहस्राणि तदा जीवन्ति मानवाः। पुत्रपौत्रसमाकीर्णा म्रियन्ते च क्रमेण तु।।
trīṇi varṣasahasrāṇi tadā jīvanti mānavāḥ| putrapautrasamākīrṇā mriyante ca krameṇa tu||
Sūta said:: All the subjects are delighted and well built. They are free from ailments. Their minds are full (i.e they are joyous).
Cycle of Yugas: characteristics of Yugas - Verse 92
Brahmanda Purana (GRETIL / Wisdomlib) · Chapter 29 · Verse 92
एष त्रेतायुगे धर्मस्त्रेतासंध्यां निबोधत। त्रेतायुगस्वभावानां संध्या पादेन वर्त्तते। संध्यापादः स्वभावस्तु सोंऽशपदेन तिष्ठति।।
eṣa tretāyuge dharmastretāsaṃdhyāṃ nibodhata| tretāyugasvabhāvānāṃ saṃdhyā pādena varttate| saṃdhyāpādaḥ svabhāvastu soṃ'śapadena tiṣṭhati||
Sūta said:: All the subjects are delighted and well built. They are free from ailments. Their minds are full (i.e they are joyous).