Bhagavad Gita Bhashya (Sri Madhvacharya) 6.7
Bhagavad Gita Bhashya (Sri Madhvacharya) 6.7 · 6 · Verse 7
Sanskrit Original
।।6.7 6.8।।जितात्मनः फलमाह जितात्मन इति। जितात्मा हि प्रशान्तो भवति। न तस्य मनः प्रायो विषयेषु गच्छति। तदा च परमात्मा सम्यगाहितः हृदि सन्निहितो भवति अपरोक्षज्ञानी भवतीत्यर्थः। अपरोक्षज्ञानिनो लक्षणं स्पष्टयति शीतोष्णेत्यादिना। शीतोष्णादिषु कूटस्थः ज्ञानविज्ञानतृप्तात्मा विजितेन्द्रिय इति कूटस्थत्वे हेतुः। विज्ञानं विशेषज्ञानं अपरोक्षज्ञानं वा। तच्चोक्तं सामान्यैर्ये त्वविज्ञेया विशेषा मम गोचराः। देवादीनां तु तज्ज्ञानं विज्ञानमिति कीर्तितम्। इति।श्रवणान्मननाच्चैव यज्ज्ञानमुपजायते। तज्ज्ञानं दर्शनं विष्णोर्विज्ञानं शम्भुरब्रवीत्। विज्ञानं ज्ञानमङ्गादेर्विशिष्टं दर्शनं तथा इत्यादि। कूटस्थो निर्विकारः कूटवत्स्थित इति व्युत्पत्तेः। कूटमाकाशःकूटं खं विदलं व्योम सन्धिराकाश उच्यते। इत्यभिधानात्। योगी योगं कुर्वन्। युक्तो योगसम्पूर्णः। एवम्भूतो योगानुष्ठाता योगसम्पूर्ण उच्यत इत्यर्थः।
“Jitātmanah” is stated as the fruit — ‘one whose self is conquered.’ A conqueror of the self becomes tranquil; his mind no longer ordinarily turns to sense-objects. Then the Supreme Self is duly present in the heart, and he becomes one with direct knowledge (aparokṣajñānī). The mark of one possessing direct knowledge is explained by contrasts such as cold and heat. In the contexts of cold, heat, etc., the term kūṭastha denotes one established in the core (unchanged), a soul satisfied with jñāna and vijñāna, and one who has conquered the senses — these are the reasons for the designation kūṭastha. Vijñāna may mean particular knowledge or direct knowledge. Whatever is spoken of by the general terms and yet the particulars of which are not known to me are within my purview. For the gods and others that knowledge is called vijñāna. Thus: by hearing and reflection that knowledge arises. That knowledge is darśana; Vishnu called it vijñāna. Vijñāna is distinguished from jñāna and is a particularized direct cognition; darśana is likewise. ‘Kūṭastho nirvikāraḥ’ and ‘kūṭavat-sthita’ are derived forms. Kūṭa (a hollow) — kūṭa and kha (space) are terms for the gap of the sky; hence the name. ‘Yogī yogaṁ kurvan’ — one engaged in yoga; ‘yuktaḥ’ — one completed in yoga. Thus: one who practices yoga becomes called ‘yogānusṭhātā’ or ‘yogasampūrṇa.’