Bhagavad Gita Bhashya (Sri Madhvacharya) 5.2
Bhagavad Gita Bhashya (Sri Madhvacharya) 5.2 · 5 · Verse 2
Sanskrit Original
।।5.2।।नायं सन्न्यासो यत्याश्रमः।द्वन्द्वत्यागात्तु सन्न्यासान्मत्पूजैव गरीयसी इति वचनात्।तानि वा एतान्यवराणि तपांसि न्यास एवात्यरेचयत् इति च।सन्नायासस्तु तुरीयो यो निष्क्रियाख्यः सधर्मकः। न तस्मादुत्तमो धर्मो लोके कश्चन विद्यते। तद्भक्तोऽपि हि यद्गच्छेतद्गृहस्थो न धार्मिकः। मद्भक्तिश्च विरक्तिस्तदधिकारो निगद्यते। यदाधिकारो भवति ब्रह्मचार्यपि प्रव्रजेत् इति नारदीये। ब्रह्मचर्यादेव प्रव्रजेत् ৷৷. यदहरेव विरजेत् जा.उ.4 या.उ.1 इति च। सन्न्यासे तु तुरीये वै प्रीतिर्मम महीयसी। येषामत्राधिकारो न तेषां कर्मेति निश्चयः इत्यादेश्च ब्राह्मे। अतो नात्राश्रमः सन्न्यास उक्तः।
This is not sannyāsa that consists merely in change of ashrama. From ‘abandoning the pairs of opposites is called sannyāsa,’ and ‘renunciation (tyāga) is myself the highest worship,’ it is taught: those duties or those austerities are only renounced as to their external exercises. True sannyāsa is the fourth — that which is called niṣkriya (inactive), in accordance with dharma. There is no higher dharma in the world than that. One who becomes a bhakta but does not attain that is not righteous as a householder. The state of attachmentless devotion (mad-bhakti) is declared to be the qualification for renunciation. Whatever qualification exists, even a brahmachārī may take to wandering (pravrajya), according to the Nārada. ‘Only by brahmacharya one should take to pravrajya…’ If one by mere detachment gives up, then— (see cited passages). In sannyāsa the affection for the fourth state is supremely praised. Those who do not have that qualification certainly are not to be said to have performed sannyāsa. Therefore ashrama is not here meant by the word sannyāsa.