1. The oblation to the gods accompanied by the exclamation Svāhā, which may consist even of a piece of wood only; the offering to the Manes accompanied by the exclamation Svadhā, which may consist even of a vessel with water only; the daily recitation. 2. Respect must be shown to those who are superior by caste, 3. And also to (persons of the same caste who are) venerable (on account of learning, virtue, and the like). 4. A man elated (with success) becomes proud, a proud man transgresses the law, but through the transgression of the law hell indeed (becomes his portion). 5. It has not been declared, that orders (may be addressed by the teacher) to a pupil who has returned home. 6. The syllable 'Om' is the door of heaven. Therefore he who is about to study the Veda, shall begin (his lesson) by (pronouncing) it. 7. If he has spoken anything else (than what refers to the lesson, he shall resume his reading by repeating the word 'Om'). Thus the Veda is separated from profane speech. 8. And at sacrifices the orders (given to the priests) are headed by this word. 9. And in common life, at the occasion of ceremonies performed for the sake of welfare, the sentences shall be headed by this word, as, for instance, '(Om) an auspicious day,' '(Om) welfare,' '(Om) prosperity.' 10. Without a vow of obedience (a pupil) shall not study (nor a teacher teach) a difficult (new book) with the exception of (the texts called) Triḥsrāvaṇa and Tr.ihsahavacana. 11. Hārita declares, that the (whole) Veda must be studied under a vow of obedience until there is no doubt (regarding it in the mind of the pupil). 12. No obedience is due (to the teacher for teaching) works which do not belong to the Veda. 13. (A student) shall embrace the feet of a person, who teaches him at the request of his (regular teacher), as long as the instruction lasts. 14. Some (declare, that he shall also) always, (if the substitute is) a worthy person. 15. But obedience (as towards the teacher) is not required (to be shown towards such a person). 16. And (pupils) older (than their teacher need not show him obedience). 17. If (two persons) teach each other mutually (different redactions of) the Veda, obedience (towards each other) is not ordained for them. 18. (For) the (wise) say, 'The Veda-knowledge (of either of them) grows.'