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Sanatan Dharma

सनातन धर्म — Hindu Scripture Knowledge Base

Chapter 6

अध्यायः 6

Amsha I — Sarga (Creation), Chapter 6

Shlokas (42)

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Origin of the four castes; their primitive state - Verse 1

Vishnu Purana (GRETIL; M. M. Pathak critical edition) · Chapter 1 · Verse 6.1

अर्वाक्स्रोतस तु कथितो भवता यस तु मानुषः ब्रह्मन विस्तरतो ब्रूहि ब्रह्मा तम असृजद यथा ।।

arvāksrotas tu kathito bhavatā yas tu mānuṣaḥ brahman vistarato brūhi brahmā tam asṛjad yathā ||

O Brahman, please explain in detail how the human being, who is described as the source of speech, was created by Brahma.

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Origin of the four castes; their primitive state - Verse 2

Vishnu Purana (GRETIL; M. M. Pathak critical edition) · Chapter 1 · Verse 6.2

यथा च वर्णान असृजद यद्गुणांश च महामुने यच च तेषां स्मृतं कर्म विप्रादीनां तद उच्यताम ।।

yathā ca varṇān asṛjad yadguṇāṃś ca mahāmune yac ca teṣāṃ smṛtaṃ karma viprādīnāṃ tad ucyatām ||

Just as the great sage created the varnas (social classes) and their qualities, let the actions of the learned ones be described.

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Origin of the four castes; their primitive state - Verse 3

Vishnu Purana (GRETIL; M. M. Pathak critical edition) · Chapter 1 · Verse 6.3

सत्याभिध्यायिनः पूर्वं सिसृक्षोर ब्रह्मणो जगत अजायन्त द्विजश्रेष्ठ सत्त्वोद्रिक्ता मुखात प्रजाः ।।

satyābhidhyāyinaḥ pūrvaṃ sisṛkṣor brahmaṇo jagat ajāyanta dvijaśreṣṭha sattvodriktā mukhāt prajāḥ ||

From the truth-seeking Brahman, the world that desires to create was born, and from his mouth, the foremost of the twice-born, the beings endowed with goodness, came forth.

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Origin of the four castes; their primitive state - Verse 4

Vishnu Purana (GRETIL; M. M. Pathak critical edition) · Chapter 1 · Verse 6.4

वक्षसो रजसोद्रिक्तास तथान्या ब्रह्मणो ऽभवन रजसा तमसा चैव समुद्रिक्तास तथोरुतः ।।

vakṣaso rajasodriktās tathānyā brahmaṇo 'bhavan rajasā tamasā caiva samudriktās tathorutaḥ ||

From the chest, those endowed with rajas (passion) were born, and from the same Brahman, others were born, endowed with rajas and tamas (ignorance).

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Origin of the four castes; their primitive state - Verse 5

Vishnu Purana (GRETIL; M. M. Pathak critical edition) · Chapter 1 · Verse 6.5

पद्भ्याम अन्याः प्रजा ब्रह्मा ससर्ज द्विजसत्तम तमःप्रधानास ताः सर्वाश चातुर्वर्ण्यम इदं ततः ।।

padbhyām anyāḥ prajā brahmā sasarja dvijasattama tamaḥpradhānās tāḥ sarvāś cāturvarṇyam idaṃ tataḥ ||

From his feet, Brahma created other beings, O best of the twice-born. Thus, from the predominance of darkness, all the four varnas emerged.

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Origin of the four castes; their primitive state - Verse 6

Vishnu Purana (GRETIL; M. M. Pathak critical edition) · Chapter 1 · Verse 6.6

ब्राह्मणाः क्षत्रिया वैश्याः शूद्राश च द्विजसत्तम पादोरुवक्षःस्थलतो मुखतश च समुद्गताः ।।

brāhmaṇāḥ kṣatriyā vaiśyāḥ śūdrāś ca dvijasattama pādoruvakṣaḥsthalato mukhataś ca samudgatāḥ ||

The Brahmanas, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, and Shudras, O best of the twice-born, emerged from the feet, thighs, and mouth.

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Origin of the four castes; their primitive state - Verse 7

Vishnu Purana (GRETIL; M. M. Pathak critical edition) · Chapter 1 · Verse 6.7

यज्ञनिष्पत्तये सर्वम एतद ब्रह्मा चकार वै चातुर्वर्ण्यं महाभाग यज्ञसाधनम उत्तमम ।।

yajñaniṣpattaye sarvam etad brahmā cakāra vai cāturvarṇyaṃ mahābhāga yajñasādhanam uttamam ||

For the performance of sacrifices, Brahma created all this, O great being. The four varnas are the best means for the accomplishment of sacrifices.

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Origin of the four castes; their primitive state - Verse 8

Vishnu Purana (GRETIL; M. M. Pathak critical edition) · Chapter 1 · Verse 6.8

यज्ञैर आप्यायिता देवा वृष्ट्युत्सर्गेण वै प्रजाः आप्याययन्ते धर्मज्ञ यज्ञाः कल्याणहेतवः ।।

yajñair āpyāyitā devā vṛṣṭyutsargeṇa vai prajāḥ āpyāyayante dharmajña yajñāḥ kalyāṇahetavaḥ ||

The gods, satisfied by sacrifices, indeed, cause the rain to fall, and the knowledgeable in dharma say that these sacrifices are for the welfare of all.

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Origin of the four castes; their primitive state - Verse 9

Vishnu Purana (GRETIL; M. M. Pathak critical edition) · Chapter 1 · Verse 6.9

निष्पाद्यन्ते नरैस तैस तु स्वकर्माभिरतैः सदा विशुद्धाचरणोपेतैः सद्भिः सन्मार्गगामिभिः ।।

niṣpādyante narais tais tu svakarmābhirataiḥ sadā viśuddhācaraṇopetaiḥ sadbhiḥ sanmārgagāmibhiḥ ||

Those men who are always engaged in their own duties, and who are pure in conduct, are carried by the good along the righteous path.

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Origin of the four castes; their primitive state - Verse 10

Vishnu Purana (GRETIL; M. M. Pathak critical edition) · Chapter 1 · Verse 6.10

स्वर्गापवर्गौ मानुष्यात प्राप्नुवन्ति नरा मुने यद वाभिरुचितं स्थानं तद यान्ति मनुजा द्विज ।।

svargāpavargau mānuṣyāt prāpnuvanti narā mune yad vābhirucitaṃ sthānaṃ tad yānti manujā dvija ||

Those men who are devoted to the divine, attain heaven and liberation after leaving their human form. They go to the place that is suitable for them.

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Origin of the four castes; their primitive state - Verse 11

Vishnu Purana (GRETIL; M. M. Pathak critical edition) · Chapter 1 · Verse 6.11

प्रजास ता ब्रह्मणा सृष्टाश चातुर्वर्ण्यव्यवस्थितौ सम्यक्छ्रद्धाः समाचारप्रवणा मुनिसत्तम ।।

prajās tā brahmaṇā sṛṣṭāś cāturvarṇyavyavasthitau samyakchraddhāḥ samācārapravaṇā munisattama ||

The beings created by Brahma are established in the four varnas. Those who have proper faith and follow good conduct are the best among sages.

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Origin of the four castes; their primitive state - Verse 12

Vishnu Purana (GRETIL; M. M. Pathak critical edition) · Chapter 1 · Verse 6.12

यथेच्छावासनिरताः सर्वबाधाविवर्जिताः शुद्धान्तःकरणाः शुद्धाः सर्वानुष्ठाननिर्मलाः ।।

yathecchāvāsaniratāḥ sarvabādhāvivarjitāḥ śuddhāntaḥkaraṇāḥ śuddhāḥ sarvānuṣṭhānanirmalāḥ ||

Those who are engaged in their desires, free from all obstacles, with pure minds, are pure and their actions are untainted.

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Origin of the four castes; their primitive state - Verse 13

Vishnu Purana (GRETIL; M. M. Pathak critical edition) · Chapter 1 · Verse 6.13

शुद्धे च तासां मनसि शुद्धे ऽन्तःसंस्थिते हरौ शुद्धज्ञानं प्रपश्यन्ति विष्ण्वाख्यं येन तत पदम ।।

śuddhe ca tāsāṃ manasi śuddhe 'ntaḥsaṃsthite harau śuddhajñānaṃ prapaśyanti viṣṇvākhyaṃ yena tat padam ||

In the pure mind of such individuals, who are established in the pure consciousness of the Lord, pure knowledge is perceived, by which one attains that state known as Vishnu.

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Origin of the four castes; their primitive state - Verse 14

Vishnu Purana (GRETIL; M. M. Pathak critical edition) · Chapter 1 · Verse 6.14

ततः कालात्मको यो ऽसौ स चांशः कथितो हरेः स पातयत्य अघं घोरम अल्पम अल्पाल्पसारवत ।।

tataḥ kālātmako yo 'sau sa cāṃśaḥ kathito hareḥ sa pātayaty aghaṃ ghoram alpam alpālpasāravat ||

That which is time itself, is a part of the Lord, and it destroys great sins, even if they are small and insignificant.

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Origin of the four castes; their primitive state - Verse 15

Vishnu Purana (GRETIL; M. M. Pathak critical edition) · Chapter 1 · Verse 6.15

अधर्मबीजम उद्भूतं तमोलोभसमुद्भवम प्रजासु तासु मैत्रेय रागादिकम असाधकम ।।

adharmabījam udbhūtaṃ tamolobhasamudbhavam prajāsu tāsu maitreya rāgādikam asādhakam ||

The seed of unrighteousness has arisen, born of darkness and greed; among these beings, O Maitreya, the passions and such are unhelpful.

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Origin of the four castes; their primitive state - Verse 16

Vishnu Purana (GRETIL; M. M. Pathak critical edition) · Chapter 1 · Verse 6.16

ततः सा सहजा सिद्धिस तेषां नातीव जायते रसोल्लासादयश चान्याः सिद्धयो ऽष्टौ भवन्ति याः ।।

tataḥ sā sahajā siddhis teṣāṃ nātīva jāyate rasollāsādayaś cānyāḥ siddhayo 'ṣṭau bhavanti yāḥ ||

From that, the innate accomplishments arise in them, not excessively; besides these, there are eight other accomplishments that manifest.

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Origin of the four castes; their primitive state - Verse 17

Vishnu Purana (GRETIL; M. M. Pathak critical edition) · Chapter 1 · Verse 6.17

तासु क्षीणास्व अशेषासु वर्धमाने च पातके द्वन्द्वाभिभवदुःखार्तास ता भवन्ति ततः प्रजाः ।।

tāsu kṣīṇāsv aśeṣāsu vardhamāne ca pātake dvandvābhibhavaduḥkhārtās tā bhavanti tataḥ prajāḥ ||

Among those diminished and entirely afflicted, as sins increase, the beings become afflicted by the duality of suffering.

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Origin of the four castes; their primitive state - Verse 18

Vishnu Purana (GRETIL; M. M. Pathak critical edition) · Chapter 1 · Verse 6.18

ततो दुर्गाणि ताश चक्रुर वार्क्षं पार्वतम औदकम कृत्रिमं च तथा दुर्गं पुरखर्वटकादि यत ।।

tato durgāṇi tāś cakrur vārkṣaṃ pārvatam audakam kṛtrimaṃ ca tathā durgaṃ purakharvaṭakādi yat ||

Then they created fortifications, the mountainous and watery ones, and also the artificial fortifications like Purakharvataka.

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Origin of the four castes; their primitive state - Verse 19

Vishnu Purana (GRETIL; M. M. Pathak critical edition) · Chapter 1 · Verse 6.19

गृहाणि च यथान्यायं तेषु चक्रुः पुरादिषु शीतातपादिबाधानां प्रशमाय महामते ।।

gṛhāṇi ca yathānyāyaṃ teṣu cakruḥ purādiṣu śītātapādibādhānāṃ praśamāya mahāmate ||

And they established houses appropriately in those places to alleviate the troubles of cold, heat, and other afflictions, O great sage.

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Origin of the four castes; their primitive state - Verse 20

Vishnu Purana (GRETIL; M. M. Pathak critical edition) · Chapter 1 · Verse 6.20

प्रतीकारम इमं कृत्वा शीतादेस ताः प्रजाः पुनः वार्तोपायं ततश चक्रुर हस्तसिद्धिं च कर्मजाम ।।

pratīkāram imaṃ kṛtvā śītādes tāḥ prajāḥ punaḥ vārtopāyaṃ tataś cakrur hastasiddhiṃ ca karmajām ||

Having made this remedy, those people again took to the means of livelihood, and then they achieved success through their efforts.

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Origin of the four castes; their primitive state - Verse 21

Vishnu Purana (GRETIL; M. M. Pathak critical edition) · Chapter 1 · Verse 6.21

व्रीहयश च यवाश चैव गोधूमा अणवस तिलाः प्रियंगवो ह्य उदाराश च कोरदूषाः सतीनकाः ।।

vrīhayaś ca yavāś caiva godhūmā aṇavas tilāḥ priyaṃgavo hy udārāś ca koradūṣāḥ satīnakāḥ ||

Rice, barley, wheat, lentils, sesame, and the noble priyaṅgu, along with the cora and the sātīnakas, are mentioned.

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Origin of the four castes; their primitive state - Verse 22

Vishnu Purana (GRETIL; M. M. Pathak critical edition) · Chapter 1 · Verse 6.22

माषा मुद्गा मसूराश च निष्पावाः सकुलत्थकाः आढक्यश चणकाश चैव शणाः सप्तदश स्मृताः ।।

māṣā mudgā masūrāś ca niṣpāvāḥ sakulatthakāḥ āḍhakyaś caṇakāś caiva śaṇāḥ saptadaśa smṛtāḥ ||

Māṣa, mudga, lentils, niṣpāva, kulattha, āḍhakya, and caṇaka are remembered as seventeen types.

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Origin of the four castes; their primitive state - Verse 23

Vishnu Purana (GRETIL; M. M. Pathak critical edition) · Chapter 1 · Verse 6.23

इत्य एता ओषधीनां तु ग्राम्यानां जातयो मुने ओषध्यो यज्ञियाश चैव ग्राम्यारण्याश चतुर्दश ।।

ity etā oṣadhīnāṃ tu grāmyānāṃ jātayo mune oṣadhyo yajñiyāś caiva grāmyāraṇyāś caturdaśa ||

These are the medicinal plants of the villages, O sage, and there are fourteen types of sacrificial herbs in the village and forest.

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Origin of the four castes; their primitive state - Verse 24

Vishnu Purana (GRETIL; M. M. Pathak critical edition) · Chapter 1 · Verse 6.24

व्रीहयः सयवा माषा गोधूमा अणवस तिलाः प्रियंगुसप्तमा ह्य एता अष्टमास तु कुलत्थकाः ।।

vrīhayaḥ sayavā māṣā godhūmā aṇavas tilāḥ priyaṃgusaptamā hy etā aṣṭamās tu kulatthakāḥ ||

Rice, barley, māṣa, wheat, lentils, and the noble priyaṅgu are these, and the kulattha is the eighth among them.

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Origin of the four castes; their primitive state - Verse 25

Vishnu Purana (GRETIL; M. M. Pathak critical edition) · Chapter 1 · Verse 6.25

श्यामाकास त्व अथ नीवारा जर्तिलाः सगवेधुकाः तथा वेणुयवाः प्रोक्तास तद्वन मर्कटका मुने ।।

śyāmākās tv atha nīvārā jartilāḥ sagavedhukāḥ tathā veṇuyavāḥ proktās tadvan markaṭakā mune ||

The dark sky, then the Nivara trees, and the Jartila plants, as well as the Venuya plants, are said to be in that forest, O sage.

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Origin of the four castes; their primitive state - Verse 26

Vishnu Purana (GRETIL; M. M. Pathak critical edition) · Chapter 1 · Verse 6.26

ग्राम्यारण्याः स्मृता ह्य एता ओषध्यस तु चतुर्दश यज्ञनिष्पत्तये यज्ञस तथासां हेतुर उत्तमः ।।

grāmyāraṇyāḥ smṛtā hy etā oṣadhyas tu caturdaśa yajñaniṣpattaye yajñas tathāsāṃ hetur uttamaḥ ||

The medicinal plants of the village forest are remembered as fourteen, and they are the best cause for the completion of the sacrifice.

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Origin of the four castes; their primitive state - Verse 27

Vishnu Purana (GRETIL; M. M. Pathak critical edition) · Chapter 1 · Verse 6.27

एताश च सह यज्ञेन प्रजानां कारणं परम परावरविदः प्राज्ञास ततो यज्ञान वितन्वते ।।

etāś ca saha yajñena prajānāṃ kāraṇaṃ param parāvaravidaḥ prājñās tato yajñān vitanvate ||

These, along with the sacrifice, are the supreme cause for the creation of beings, and the wise ones who know the ultimate truth spread these sacrifices.

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Origin of the four castes; their primitive state - Verse 28

Vishnu Purana (GRETIL; M. M. Pathak critical edition) · Chapter 1 · Verse 6.28

अहन्य अहन्य अनुष्ठानं यज्ञानां मुनिसत्तम उपकारकरं पुंसां क्रियमाणाघशान्तिदम ।।

ahany ahany anuṣṭhānaṃ yajñānāṃ munisattama upakārakaraṃ puṃsāṃ kriyamāṇāghaśāntidam ||

Daily, the performance of sacrifices, O best of sages, is beneficial for mankind, bringing about the cessation of their sins.

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Origin of the four castes; their primitive state - Verse 29

Vishnu Purana (GRETIL; M. M. Pathak critical edition) · Chapter 1 · Verse 6.29

येषां तु कालसृष्टो ऽसौ पापबिन्दुर महामते चेतःसु ववृधे चक्रुस ते न यज्ञेषु मानसम ।।

yeṣāṃ tu kālasṛṣṭo 'sau pāpabindur mahāmate cetaḥsu vavṛdhe cakrus te na yajñeṣu mānasam ||

Those who are created by time, O great sage, whose minds are filled with the essence of sin, do not perform mental sacrifices.

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Origin of the four castes; their primitive state - Verse 30

Vishnu Purana (GRETIL; M. M. Pathak critical edition) · Chapter 1 · Verse 6.30

वेदवादांस तथा वेदान यज्ञकर्मादिकं च यत तत सर्वं निन्दमानास ते यज्ञव्यासेधकारिणः ।।

vedavādāṃs tathā vedān yajñakarmādikaṃ ca yat tat sarvaṃ nindamānās te yajñavyāsedhakāriṇaḥ ||

Those who criticize the Vedas and the rituals associated with them, all of them are condemned by the practitioners of sacrifices.

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Origin of the four castes; their primitive state - Verse 31

Vishnu Purana (GRETIL; M. M. Pathak critical edition) · Chapter 1 · Verse 6.31

प्रवृत्तिमार्गव्युच्छित्तिकारिणो वेदनिन्दकाः दुरात्मानो दुराचारा बभूवुः कुटिलाशयाः ।।

pravṛttimārgavyucchittikāriṇo vedanindakāḥ durātmāno durācārā babhūvuḥ kuṭilāśayāḥ ||

Those who criticize the Vedas are wicked and of bad conduct; they have become deceitful in their intentions.

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Origin of the four castes; their primitive state - Verse 32

Vishnu Purana (GRETIL; M. M. Pathak critical edition) · Chapter 1 · Verse 6.32

संसिद्धायां तु वार्तायां प्रजाः सृष्ट्वा प्रजापतिः मर्यादां स्थापयाम आस यथास्थानं यथागुणम ।।

saṃsiddhāyāṃ tu vārtāyāṃ prajāḥ sṛṣṭvā prajāpatiḥ maryādāṃ sthāpayām āsa yathāsthānaṃ yathāguṇam ||

In the perfected state, Prajapati created beings and established order according to their nature and qualities.

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Origin of the four castes; their primitive state - Verse 33

Vishnu Purana (GRETIL; M. M. Pathak critical edition) · Chapter 1 · Verse 6.33

वर्णानाम आश्रमाणां च धर्मान धर्मभृतां वर लोकांश च सर्ववर्णानां सम्यग्धर्मानुपालिनाम ।।

varṇānām āśramāṇāṃ ca dharmān dharmabhṛtāṃ vara lokāṃś ca sarvavarṇānāṃ samyagdharmānupālinām ||

Among the varnas and ashramas, those who uphold righteousness are the best among the righteous, and they protect all worlds.

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Origin of the four castes; their primitive state - Verse 34

Vishnu Purana (GRETIL; M. M. Pathak critical edition) · Chapter 1 · Verse 6.34

प्राजापत्यं ब्राह्मणानां स्मृतं स्थानं क्रियावताम स्थानम ऐन्द्रं क्षत्रियाणां संग्रामेष्व अनिवर्तिनाम ।।

prājāpatyaṃ brāhmaṇānāṃ smṛtaṃ sthānaṃ kriyāvatām sthānam aindraṃ kṣatriyāṇāṃ saṃgrāmeṣv anivartinām ||

The place of the Brahmanas is known as the Prājāpatya, while the place of the Kshatriyas is known as the Aindra, especially in battles.

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Origin of the four castes; their primitive state - Verse 35

Vishnu Purana (GRETIL; M. M. Pathak critical edition) · Chapter 1 · Verse 6.35

वैश्यानां मारुतं स्थानं स्वधर्मनिरतात्मनाम गान्धर्वं शूद्रजातीनां परिचर्यानुवर्तिनाम ।।

vaiśyānāṃ mārutaṃ sthānaṃ svadharmaniratātmanām gāndharvaṃ śūdrajātīnāṃ paricaryānuvartinām ||

The place of the Vaishyas is the wind for those who are devoted to their own dharma, and the Gandharva is for the Shudras who follow service.

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Origin of the four castes; their primitive state - Verse 36

Vishnu Purana (GRETIL; M. M. Pathak critical edition) · Chapter 1 · Verse 6.36

अष्टाशीतिसहस्राणि मुनीनाम ऊर्ध्वरेतसाम स्मृतं तेषां तु यत स्थानं तद एव गुरुवासिनाम ।।

aṣṭāśītisahasrāṇi munīnām ūrdhvaretasām smṛtaṃ teṣāṃ tu yat sthānaṃ tad eva guruvāsinām ||

Among the eighty-three thousand ascetics who have mastered their vital essence, the place remembered is indeed that of the Gurus.

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Origin of the four castes; their primitive state - Verse 37

Vishnu Purana (GRETIL; M. M. Pathak critical edition) · Chapter 1 · Verse 6.37

सप्तर्षीणां तु यत स्थानं स्मृतं तद वै वनौकसाम प्राजापत्यं गृहस्थानां ब्राह्मं संन्यासिनां स्मृतम ।।

saptarṣīṇāṃ tu yat sthānaṃ smṛtaṃ tad vai vanaukasām prājāpatyaṃ gṛhasthānāṃ brāhmaṃ saṃnyāsināṃ smṛtam ||

The place remembered for the seven sages is indeed that of the forest-dwellers, and the Brahmins among householders and renunciates.

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Origin of the four castes; their primitive state - Verse 38

Vishnu Purana (GRETIL; M. M. Pathak critical edition) · Chapter 1 · Verse 6.38

योगिनाम अमृतं स्थानं यद विष्णोः परमं पदम ।।

yoginām amṛtaṃ sthānaṃ yad viṣṇoḥ paramaṃ padam ||

The place of immortality for the yogis is the supreme abode of Vishnu.

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Origin of the four castes; their primitive state - Verse 39

Vishnu Purana (GRETIL; M. M. Pathak critical edition) · Chapter 1 · Verse 6.39

एकान्तिनः सदा ब्रह्मध्यायिनो योगिनो हि ये तेषां तत परमं स्थानं यद वै पश्यन्ति सूरयः ।।

ekāntinaḥ sadā brahmadhyāyino yogino hi ye teṣāṃ tat paramaṃ sthānaṃ yad vai paśyanti sūrayaḥ ||

For those who are solitary, always meditating on Brahman, that supreme place is indeed what the seers behold.

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Origin of the four castes; their primitive state - Verse 40

Vishnu Purana (GRETIL; M. M. Pathak critical edition) · Chapter 1 · Verse 6.40

गत्वा गत्वा निवर्तन्ते चन्द्रसूर्यादयो ग्रहाः अद्यापि न निवर्तन्ते द्वादशाक्षरचिन्तकाः ।।

gatvā gatvā nivartante candrasūryādayo grahāḥ adyāpi na nivartante dvādaśākṣaracintakāḥ ||

Having gone, the planets like the Moon and Sun return; even now, the twelve-letter thinkers do not return.

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Origin of the four castes; their primitive state - Verse 41

Vishnu Purana (GRETIL; M. M. Pathak critical edition) · Chapter 1 · Verse 6.41

तामिस्रम अन्धतामिस्रं महारौरवरौरवौ असिपत्रवनं घोरं कालसूत्रम अवीचिमत ।।

tāmisram andhatāmisraṃ mahārauravarauravau asipatravanaṃ ghoraṃ kālasūtram avīcimat ||

The dark, the blind darkness, the great hells, the terrible forest of swords, the thread of time, the endless.

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Origin of the four castes; their primitive state - Verse 42

Vishnu Purana (GRETIL; M. M. Pathak critical edition) · Chapter 1 · Verse 6.42

विनिन्दकानां वेदस्य यज्ञव्यासेधकारिणाम स्थानम एतत समाख्यातं स्वधर्मत्यागिनश च ये ।।

vinindakānāṃ vedasya yajñavyāsedhakāriṇām sthānam etat samākhyātaṃ svadharmatyāginaś ca ye ||

This place is described for the critics of the Vedas, for those who perform sacrifices and those who abandon their own dharma.

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