Book 7 Chapter 2 - Of Number, Separateness, Conjunction, etc.
Chapter 2 of Book 7 in the Vaisheshika Sutras from Wisdom Library.
External Reference →Shlokas (28)
+ Add ShlokaSūtra 7.2.1 (Number: Proof of Unity)
WisdomLib.org (Nandalal Sinha, 1923) · Chapter Vaisheshika Sutras 7.2 · Verse 7.2.1
रुपरसगन्धस्पर्शव्यतिरेकादर्थान्तरमेकत्वम् ॥ ७.२.१ ॥
ruparasagandhasparśavyatirekādarthāntaramekatvam || 7.2.1 ||
Because of its difference from Colour, Taste, Smell, and Touch, Unity is a different object.
Sūtra 7.2.2 (Proof of Separateness)
WisdomLib.org (Nandalal Sinha, 1923) · Chapter Vaisheshika Sutras 7.2 · Verse 7.2.2
तथा पृथक्त्वम् ॥ ७.२.२ ॥
tathā pṛthaktvam || 7.2.2 ||
Similarly, Separateness (is a different object).
Sūtra 7.2.3 (Unity and Separateness do not exist in Unity and Separateness)
WisdomLib.org (Nandalal Sinha, 1923) · Chapter Vaisheshika Sutras 7.2 · Verse 7.2.3
एकत्वैकपृथक्त्वयोरेकत्वैकपृथक्त्वाभावो ऽणुत्वमहत्त्वाभ्यां व्याख्यातः ॥ ७.२.३ ॥
ekatvaikapṛthaktvayorekatvaikapṛthaktvābhāvo 'ṇutvamahattvābhyāṃ vyākhyātaḥ || 7.2.3 ||
The non-existence of Unity and Individuality, in Unity and Individuality, is explained by minuteness and magnitude.
Sūtra 7.2.4 (Unity is not universal, but is confined to Substance only)
WisdomLib.org (Nandalal Sinha, 1923) · Chapter Vaisheshika Sutras 7.2 · Verse 7.2.4
निः संख्यत्वात् कर्मगुणानां सर्वैकत्वं न विद्यते ॥ ७.२.४ ॥
niḥ saṃkhyatvāt karmaguṇānāṃ sarvaikatvaṃ na vidyate || 7.2.4 ||
Actions and Attributes being void of Number, universal Unity does not exist.
Sūtra 7.2.5 (Cognition of Unity in Attribute and Action is erroneous)
WisdomLib.org (Nandalal Sinha, 1923) · Chapter Vaisheshika Sutras 7.2 · Verse 7.2.5
भ्रान्तं तत् ॥ ७.२.५ ॥
bhrāntaṃ tat || 7.2.5 ||
That ( i.e ., the cognition of Unity in Action and Attribute) is erroneous.
Sūtra 7.2.6 (Indirect proof of Unity)
WisdomLib.org (Nandalal Sinha, 1923) · Chapter Vaisheshika Sutras 7.2 · Verse 7.2.6
एकत्वाभावाद्भक्तिस्तु न विद्यते ॥ ७.२.६ ॥
ekatvābhāvādbhaktistu na vidyate || 7.2.6 ||
In consequence of the non-existence of Unity, however, secondariness would not exist.
Sūtra 7.2.7 (Unity and Separateness of one do not exist in effect and cause)
WisdomLib.org (Nandalal Sinha, 1923) · Chapter Vaisheshika Sutras 7.2 · Verse 7.2.7
कार्यकारणयोरेकत्वैकपृथक्त्वाभावादेकत्वैकपृथक्त्वं न विद्यते ॥ ७.२.७ ॥
kāryakāraṇayorekatvaikapṛthaktvābhāvādekatvaikapṛthaktvaṃ na vidyate || 7.2.7 ||
Effect and cause are neither the same nor similar (in being equally distinguished from all other things); therefore, Unity and (single) Individuality do not exist in them.
Sūtra 7.2.8 (Non-eternal Unity and Separateness-of-one)
WisdomLib.org (Nandalal Sinha, 1923) · Chapter Vaisheshika Sutras 7.2 · Verse 7.2.8
एतदनित्ययोर्व्याख्यातम् ॥ ७.२.८ ॥
etadanityayorvyākhyātam || 7.2.8 ||
This, (as) explained in the case of the two non-eternals (namely, Number and Separateness, should be understood only in the case of non-eternal Unity and Separateness of one).
Sūtra 7.2.9 (Conjunction, how produced)
WisdomLib.org (Nandalal Sinha, 1923) · Chapter Vaisheshika Sutras 7.2 · Verse 7.2.9
अन्यतरकर्मज उभकर्मजः संयोगजश्च संयोगः ॥ ७.२.९ ॥
anyatarakarmaja ubhakarmajaḥ saṃyogajaśca saṃyogaḥ || 7.2.9 ||
Conjunction is produced by action of any one of two things, is produced by action of both, and is produced by Conjunction, also.
Sūtra 7.2.10 (Disjunction, how produced)
WisdomLib.org (Nandalal Sinha, 1923) · Chapter Vaisheshika Sutras 7.2 · Verse 7.2.10
एतेन विभागो व्याख्यातः ॥ ७.२.१० ॥
etena vibhāgo vyākhyātaḥ || 7.2.10 ||
By this Disjunction is explained.
Sūtra 7.2.11 (Conjunction and Disjunction do not possess Conjunction and Disjunction)
WisdomLib.org (Nandalal Sinha, 1923) · Chapter Vaisheshika Sutras 7.2 · Verse 7.2.11
संयोगविभागयोः संयोगविभागाभावः अणुत्वमहत्त्वाभ्यां व्याख्यातः ॥ ७.२.११ ॥
saṃyogavibhāgayoḥ saṃyogavibhāgābhāvaḥ aṇutvamahattvābhyāṃ vyākhyātaḥ || 7.2.11 ||
The non-existence of Conjunction and Disjunction, in Conjunction and Disjunction, is explained by Minuteness and Magnitude.
Sūtra 7.2.12 (Actions are void of actions, and Attributes, of attributes)
WisdomLib.org (Nandalal Sinha, 1923) · Chapter Vaisheshika Sutras 7.2 · Verse 7.2.12
कर्मभिः कर्माणि गुणैर्गुणा अणुत्व महत्त्वाभ्यामिति ॥ ७.२.१२ ॥
karmabhiḥ karmāṇi guṇairguṇā aṇutva mahattvābhyāmiti || 7.2.12 ||
Actions are (void) of Actions; Attributes are (void) of Attributes. This (is explained) by Minuteness and Magnitude.
Sūtra 7.2.13 (Conjunction and Disjunction of effect and cause do not exist)
WisdomLib.org (Nandalal Sinha, 1923) · Chapter Vaisheshika Sutras 7.2 · Verse 7.2.13
युतसिद्ध्यभावात् कार्यकारणयोः संयोगविभागौ न विद्येते ॥ ७.२.१३ ॥
yutasiddhyabhāvāt kāryakāraṇayoḥ saṃyogavibhāgau na vidyete || 7.2.13 ||
In consequence of the absence of separate existence, there exist not Conjunction and Disjunction of effect and cause.
Sūtra 7.2.14 (The relation between a word and its meaning...)
WisdomLib.org (Nandalal Sinha, 1923) · Chapter Vaisheshika Sutras 7.2 · Verse 7.2.14
गुणत्वात् ॥ ७.२.१४ ॥
guṇatvāt || 7.2.14 ||
(There can be no conjunction of Sound or Words with Objects), because (Conjunction, is an Attribute.
Sūtra 7.2.15 (Above continued)
WisdomLib.org (Nandalal Sinha, 1923) · Chapter Vaisheshika Sutras 7.2 · Verse 7.2.15
गुणो ऽपि विभाव्यते ॥ ७.२.१५ ॥
guṇo 'pi vibhāvyate || 7.2.15 ||
Attribute also is known (to be an object denoted by Word), or is established (by Word).
Sūtra 7.2.16 (Above Continued)
WisdomLib.org (Nandalal Sinha, 1923) · Chapter Vaisheshika Sutras 7.2 · Verse 7.2.16
निष्क्रियत्वात् ॥ ७.२.१६ ॥
niṣkriyatvāt || 7.2.16 ||
Because Word and Object are inert.
Sūtra 7.2.17 (Above Continued)
WisdomLib.org (Nandalal Sinha, 1923) · Chapter Vaisheshika Sutras 7.2 · Verse 7.2.17
असति नास्तीति च प्रयोगात् ॥ ७.२.१७ ॥
asati nāstīti ca prayogāt || 7.2.17 ||
(Word and Object are not in conjunction), also because in the case of a non-existent object there is such application (of word) as “(It) does not exist.”—298.
Sūtra 7.2.18 (Word and Object are unrelated)
WisdomLib.org (Nandalal Sinha, 1923) · Chapter Vaisheshika Sutras 7.2 · Verse 7.2.18
शब्दार्थावसम्बन्धौ ॥ ७.२.१८ ॥
śabdārthāvasambandhau || 7.2.18 ||
(Therefore), Word and Object are unrelated.
Sūtra 7.2.19 (Above continued)
WisdomLib.org (Nandalal Sinha, 1923) · Chapter Vaisheshika Sutras 7.2 · Verse 7.2.19
संयोगिनो दण्डात् समवायिनो विशेषाच्च ॥ ७.२.१९ ॥
saṃyogino daṇḍāt samavāyino viśeṣācca || 7.2.19 ||
(Cognition of Conjunction results) from ( e.g .,) the staff, which is in conjunction (with the hand of a man), and (of Combination) from a distinguishing element which is in combination (with the whole).
Sūtra 7.2.20 (Intuition of object from word proceeds from convention)
WisdomLib.org (Nandalal Sinha, 1923) · Chapter Vaisheshika Sutras 7.2 · Verse 7.2.20
सामयिकः शब्दादर्थप्रत्ययः ॥ ७.२.२० ॥
sāmayikaḥ śabdādarthapratyayaḥ || 7.2.20 ||
The intuition of Object from Word (takes place) according to the direction (of God).
Sūtra 7.2.21 (Priority and Posteriority, how prodiced)
WisdomLib.org (Nandalal Sinha, 1923) · Chapter Vaisheshika Sutras 7.2 · Verse 7.2.21
एकदिक्काभ्यामेककालाभ्यां सन्निकृष्टविप्रकृष्टाभ्यां परमपरञ्च ॥ ७.२.२१ ॥
ekadikkābhyāmekakālābhyāṃ sannikṛṣṭaviprakṛṣṭābhyāṃ paramaparañca || 7.2.21 ||
The Prior and the Posterior (are produced by two objects) lying in the same direction, existing at the same time, and being near and remote.
Sūtra 7.2.22 (Priority and Posteriority in Time, how produced)
WisdomLib.org (Nandalal Sinha, 1923) · Chapter Vaisheshika Sutras 7.2 · Verse 7.2.22
कारणपरत्वात् कारणापरत्वाच्च ॥ ७.२.२२ ॥
kāraṇaparatvāt kāraṇāparatvācca || 7.2.22 ||
(Temporal Priority and temporal Posteriority are said, by suggestion, to arise respectively) from Priority of the cause and from Posteriority of the cause.
Sūtra 7.2.23 (Priority and Posteriority do not exist in Priority and Posteriority)
WisdomLib.org (Nandalal Sinha, 1923) · Chapter Vaisheshika Sutras 7.2 · Verse 7.2.23
परत्वापरत्वयोः परत्वापरत्वाभावो ऽणुत्वमहत्त्वाभ्यां व्याख्यातः ॥ ७.२.२३ ॥
paratvāparatvayoḥ paratvāparatvābhāvo 'ṇutvamahattvābhyāṃ vyākhyātaḥ || 7.2.23 ||
The non-existence of Priority and Posteriority, in Priority and Posteriority, is explained by mintuteness and magnitude.
Sūtra 7.2.24 (Actions are void of actions)
WisdomLib.org (Nandalal Sinha, 1923) · Chapter Vaisheshika Sutras 7.2 · Verse 7.2.24
कर्मभिः कर्माणि ॥ ७.२.२४ ॥
karmabhiḥ karmāṇi || 7.2.24 ||
Actions are (void) of Actions.
Sūtra 7.2.25 (Attributes are void of attributes)
WisdomLib.org (Nandalal Sinha, 1923) · Chapter Vaisheshika Sutras 7.2 · Verse 7.2.25
गुणैर्गुणाः ॥ ७.२.२५ ॥
guṇairguṇāḥ || 7.2.25 ||
Attributes are (void) of Attributes.
Sūtra 7.2.26 (Combination described)
WisdomLib.org (Nandalal Sinha, 1923) · Chapter Vaisheshika Sutras 7.2 · Verse 7.2.26
इहेदमिति यतः कार्यकारणयोः स समवायः ॥ ७.२.२६ ॥
ihedamiti yataḥ kāryakāraṇayoḥ sa samavāyaḥ || 7.2.26 ||
That is Combination by virtue of which (arises the intuition) in the form of “This is here,” with regard to effect and cause.
Sūtra 7.2.27 (Combination is different from...)
WisdomLib.org (Nandalal Sinha, 1923) · Chapter Vaisheshika Sutras 7.2 · Verse 7.2.27
तत्त्वम्भावेन ॥ ७.२.२७ ॥
tattvambhāvena || 7.2.27 ||
The negation of Substance-ness and Attribute-ness (in Combination) is explained by Existence.
Sūtra 7.2.28 (Combination is one)
WisdomLib.org (Nandalal Sinha, 1923) · Chapter Vaisheshika Sutras 7.2 · Verse 7.2.28
शब्दार्थावसम्बन्धौ ॥ ७.२.१८ ॥
śabdārthāvasambandhau || 7.2.18 ||
The Unity (of Combination, is explained) by Existence.—309;