visarjanīya , when followed by a spirant which has a surd letter after it , is dropped , according to kāṇḍamāyana.

Followed by a surd letter , it becomes the spirant of like position with that letter.

But not when followed by kṣ.

Nor , according to āgniveśya and vālmīki , when followed by a guttural or a labial mute.

According to some authorities , not when followed by a spirant , and only then.

Not according to plākṣi and plākṣāyaṇa.

aḥ , the whole of it , when followed by a , becomes o.

Also when followed by a sonant consonant.

But visarjanīya , when preceded by an a-vowel , is omitted.

When followed by a vowel , it becomes y.

e , before a vowel , becomes ay.

o becomes av.

But not , in either case , when followed by a.

ai becomes āy.

au becomes āv.

An u , uncombined with a consonant , remains unchanged , and v is inserted between it and the following vowel.

But not in sam̐hitā-text , after tat and tasmāt.

A ṅ , when preceded by a short vowel , is doubled.

As does also a n.

In graha , ukhya , yājyā , pr̥ṣṭhya , and hiraṇyavarṇīya passages , a n preceded by ī or ū becomes r , preceded by ā becomes y , except before iti.

Also in the words martyān , ud ayān , amr̥tān , duryān not preceded by soma , so asmān , avimān , gomān , madhumān , haviṣmān , hūtamān before any vowel belonging to the text , cikitvān , iḍāvān , kakṣīvān , bāṇavān , hi payasvān , vaśān , vidatrān , amitrān , arān , poṣān , and mahān.

Also a n followed by indro me , akaḥ , ūḍhvam , ihā , apy etu , aganma , īḍenyān , āyajiṣṭhaḥ , ā ca , r̥tu , akurvata , aduhat , aditiḥ , agre , adharānt sapatnān , and alam.

The n of raśmīn , śrapayān , yamān , pataṅgān , samānān , arcān , yajīyān remains unchanged.

Nor a n followed by ut or atha.